In this study, the early ecological succession patterns of Forni Glacier (Ortles-Cevedale group, Italian Alps) forefield along 18-year long chronosequence (with a temporal resolution of one year) has been reported. Bacterial and fungal community structures were inferred by high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and ITS, respectively. Besides, the occurrence of both herbaceous and arboreous plants was also recorded at each plot. A significant decrease of alpha-diversity in more recently deglaciated areas was observed for both bacteria and plants. Time since deglaciation and pH affected the structure of both fungal and bacterial communities. Pioneer plants could be a major source of colonization for both bacterial and fungal communities. Consistently, some of the most abundant bacterial taxa and some of those significantly varying with pH along the chronosequence (Polaromonas, Granulicella, Thiobacillus, Acidiferrobacter) are known to be actively involved in rock-weathering processes due to their chemolithotrofic metabolism, thus suggesting that the early phase of the chronosequence could be mainly shaped by the biologically controlled bioavailability of metals and inorganic compounds. Fungal communities were dominated by ascomycetous filamentous fungi and basidiomycetous yeasts. Their role as cold-adapted organic matter decomposers, due to their heterotrophic metabolism, was suggested.

中文翻译：

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在意大利阿尔卑斯山最近一片冰河地区，细菌，真菌和植物群落的早期生态演替模式沿时间序列排列。

在这项研究中，已报告了Forni冰川（意大利阿尔卑斯山的Ortles-Cevedale组）前场沿18年长的时间序列（时间分辨率为1年）的早期生态演替模式。通过16S rRNA基因和ITS的高通量测序分别推断出细菌和真菌的群落结构。此外，在每个样地上还记录了草本植物和乔木植物的发生。对于细菌和植物，在最近冰川期的地区，α多样性都显着降低。自脱冰和pH以来的时间影响真菌和细菌群落的结构。先锋植物可能是细菌和真菌群落定殖的主要来源。一致地，已知极地单胞菌，颗粒菌，硫杆菌，嗜酸杆菌由于其化学营养代谢而积极参与岩石的风化过程，因此表明时间序列的早期阶段可能主要由金属和无机化合物的生物控制生物利用度决定。真菌群落以子囊性丝状真菌和担子菌酵母为主。由于它们的异养代谢，它们被用作冷适应有机物分解剂。