The inland lakes in arid regions, especially the terminal lakes, are highly sensitive to the influence of human activities and climate change. In order to analyze the evolution of the area of water in Ulungur Lake (Buluntuohai Lake, Jili Lake) and the main causes of those changes, 3S technology, satellite data preprocessing, water extraction and database construction methods are combined with consideration of climatic changes and human activity in this study. The data in this study include 11 phases of remote sensing image data, field mapping data and relevant attribute data of the study area from 1977 to 2017. The results demonstrated the following. (1) Over the past 40 years, the change in Ulungur Lake's area was characterized by natural expansion, fluctuation stability, and recovery increase. Significant changes were mainly concentrated in the waters of Zhonghaizi, Xiaohaizi, Camel's Neck, and the waters near Akekule. (2) The period from 1977 to 1995 was the expansion period of the lake water area, and human activities were the main driving factors. The period from 2000–2017 was a smaller period of expansion of the lake water area, with warmer and more humid climate trends combined with human activities driving the change. (3) The water area that was extracted based on the MNDWI water index method can increase the contrast between bodies of water and buildings, which can aid in interpreting and extracting water element information from flat terrain and single types of surface features. This can provide an effective technical means for quantitative and dynamic analysis of the temporal and spatial changes in lake water area.

干旱地区的内陆湖泊，特别是末端湖泊，对人类活动和气候变化的影响高度敏感。为了分析乌伦古尔湖（布伦托海湖，吉利湖）水域的演变及其变化的主要原因，结合气候变化和气候变化，结合3S技术，卫星数据预处理，水提取和数据库构建方法。这项研究中的人类活动。这项研究的数据包括1977年至2017年研究区域的11个阶段的遥感图像数据，场图数据和相关属性数据。结果证明了以下几点。（1）在过去的40年中，乌伦古尔湖地区的变化以自然扩张，波动稳定性和恢复增加为特征。重大变化主要集中在中海子，小海子，骆驼的脖子和阿库库勒附近的水域。（2）1977年至1995年是湖泊水域的扩展期，人类活动是主要驱动因素。2000-2017年是湖水面积扩张的较小时期，温暖和潮湿的气候趋势与人类活动共同推动了这一变化。（3）根据 气候变暖和潮湿，再加上人类活动推动变化。（3）根据 气候变暖和潮湿，再加上人类活动推动变化。（3）根据MNDWI水指数方法可以增加水体与建筑物之间的对比度，从而有助于从平坦的地形和单一类型的表面特征中解释和提取水元素信息。这可以为定量和动态分析湖泊水域时空变化提供有效的技术手段。