Landslides have emerged as one of the most important disturbance agents in mountainous ecosystems. In mountainous regions in Japan, the locations of old landslides often have heterogeneous vegetation that is peculiar to landslide areas. However, little is known about how and why vegetation patterns differ among landslide sites within a region. In this study, I describe the variations in vegetation at different landslide sites within a region and examine the possible causes of the regional diversity of vegetation at these sites. I classified the vegetation on 1703 landslides by interpreting aerial photos of the 1421 km2 study region. Nine types of vegetation were classified. The results show that the heterogeneity of the vegetation increased with the maximum snow depth, and the number of vegetation types on landslide bodies increased with latitude and altitude. Among the 1703 landslides studied herein, 62 included mires (wetlands). Sites with mires were concentrated in areas with heavy snowfall and certain lithologies, such as ultramafic rocks and nonalkaline mafic volcanic rocks. My analysis using Random Forest, a machine-learning algorithm, indicates that maximum snow depth and summer temperatures had the greatest impact on the number of vegetation types and mires on the landslide bodies. The results of this study suggest that snowy conditions have long-term effects on vegetation structure and diversity on old landslide sites.

中文翻译：

---

日本中部雪山滑坡植被格局的区域变化

滑坡已成为山区生态系统中最重要的干扰因素之一。在日本的山区，老滑坡的位置往往具有滑坡地区特有的异质植被。然而，对于一个地区内滑坡地点的植被模式如何以及为何不同，我们知之甚少。在这项研究中，我描述了一个区域内不同滑坡地点的植被变化，并研究了这些地点植被区域多样性的可能原因。我通过解释 1421 平方公里研究区域的航拍照片对 1703 次滑坡上的植被进行了分类。对九种植被进行了分类。结果表明，植被的异质性随着积雪深度的增加而增加，滑坡体上的植被类型随着纬度和海拔的增加而增加。在本文研究的 1703 个滑坡中，62 个包括泥沼（湿地）。有泥沼的地点集中在降雪量大且具有一定岩性的地区，如超基性岩和非碱性基性火山岩。我使用随机森林（一种机器学习算法）进行的分析表明，最大雪深和夏季温度对滑坡体上植被类型和泥沼的数量影响最大。这项研究的结果表明，积雪条件对旧滑坡地点的植被结构和多样性具有长期影响。如超基性岩和非碱性基性火山岩。我使用随机森林（一种机器学习算法）进行的分析表明，最大雪深和夏季温度对滑坡体上植被类型和泥沼的数量影响最大。这项研究的结果表明，积雪条件对旧滑坡地点的植被结构和多样性具有长期影响。如超基性岩和非碱性基性火山岩。我使用机器学习算法随机森林的分析表明，最大雪深和夏季温度对滑坡体上植被类型和泥沼的数量影响最大。这项研究的结果表明，积雪条件对旧滑坡地点的植被结构和多样性具有长期影响。