Approximately 40% of the water used in intensive agriculture is discarded as ‘drainage,’ which contains high amounts of ions that pollute the environment. This work aimed at investigating polyculture (tomatoes, cucumbers, and lettuce) under three production systems, namely, open (OPS), soil (SPS), and closed (CPS), in which the drainage water from the first crop was used to feed the second crop, and the water from the second crop was used to feed the third crop. The water and fertilizer efficiencies and some physical–chemical properties of the plants and soil were measured. The results showed no significant difference in the yield for polycultures between the CPS and OPS systems. The most efficient system for water use was the CPS, with 54.85 kg m⁻³, with a water savings of 55.69% compared to the OPS. The efficiency of fertilizers, such as N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, was statistically higher in the CPS, providing more kilograms of fruit per kilogram of nutrients. The reuse of drainage water in a polyculture not only increased the efficiency of the water and fertilizers but also increased the yields produced per cubic meter of water used, thereby minimizing environmental contamination.

集约化农业用水中约有40％被作为“排水”丢弃，其中含有大量污染环境的离子。这项工作旨在研究开放式（OPS），土壤（SPS）和封闭式（CPS）这三种生产系统下的混养（番茄，黄瓜和生菜），其中第一批作物的排水用于喂养第二种作物，第二种作物的水用于喂养第三种作物。测量了植物和土壤的水肥效率和一些理化性质。结果表明，CPS和OPS系统之间的混养产量没有显着差异。用水效率最高的系统是CPS，重量为54.85 kg m ^-3与OPS相比，节水55.69％。在CPS中，氮，磷，钾，钙和镁等肥料的效率在统计上更高，每千克养分可提供更多千克的水果。混养中排水的再利用不仅提高了水和肥料的效率，而且还提高了每立方米用水的产量，从而将环境污染降至最低。