ABSTRACT Plant chloroplasts have complex membrane systems. Among these, thylakoids serve as the sites for photosynthesis and photosynthesis-related adaptation. In addition to the photosynthetic membrane complexes and associated molecules, lipids in the thylakoid membranes, are predominantly composed of MGDG (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol), DGDG (digalactosyldiacylglycerol), SQDG (sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol) and PG (phosphatidylglycerol), play essential roles in shaping the thylakoid architecture, electron transfer, and photoregulation. In this review, we discuss the effect of abiotic stress on chloroplast structure, the changes in membrane lipid composition, and the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. Advanced understanding of the mechanisms regulating chloroplast membrane lipids and unsaturated fatty acids in response to abiotic stresses is indispensable for improving plant resistance and may inform the strategies of crop breeding.

中文翻译：

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叶绿体膜脂在非生物胁迫响应中的作用

摘要 植物叶绿体具有复杂的膜系统。其中，类囊体是光合作用和光合作用相关适应的场所。除了光合膜复合物和相关分子外，类囊体膜中的脂质主要由 MGDG（单半乳糖二酰基甘油）、DGDG（双半乳糖二酰基甘油）、SQDG（磺基奎诺糖基二酰基甘油）和 PG（磷脂酰甘油）组成，在电子转移和光调节。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了非生物胁迫对叶绿体结构、膜脂组成的变化和脂肪酸不饱和程度的影响。