ABSTRACT

This study was designed to investigate whether differences in age and neuroticism would predict short-term change in subjective memory decline. The sample consisted of 52 younger adult (M_age = 21.19, sd = 3.22) and 59 older adult volunteers (M_age = 77.52, sd = 8.07). Participants were administered self-report measures and a battery of cognitive tests. A subjective memory decline measure was administered at three time points (baseline, posttest, 2-week follow-up). At T2, the significant predictors of posttest subjective memory decline were age, perceived performance, and neuroticism with a significant age by neuroticism interaction. Older adults who were higher in neuroticism had higher posttest subjective memory decline than other participants. At T3, the only significant predictor of subjective memory decline was age with older adults reporting more perceived decline. This study showed that perceived memory decline, which is often thought to be fairly stable, was reactive to cognitive testing, particularly for older adults who were high in neuroticism.

摘要

本研究旨在调查年龄和神经质的差异是否会预测主观记忆衰退的短期变化。样本由 52 名年轻成人（M_年龄 = 21.19，sd  = 3.22）和 59 名老年志愿者（M_年龄 = 77.52，sd = 8.07）。参与者接受了自我报告测量和一系列认知测试。在三个时间点（基线、后测、2 周随访）进行主观记忆衰退测量。在 T2 时，后测主观记忆力下降的显着预测因素是年龄、感知表现和神经质，神经质相互作用显着增加了年龄。与其他参与者相比，神经质较高的老年人在测试后主观记忆下降的程度更高。在 T3 时，主观记忆力下降的唯一重要预测因素是年龄，老年人报告的感知下降幅度更大。这项研究表明，通常被认为相当稳定的感知记忆衰退对认知测试有反应，特别是对于神经质高的老年人。