Deformation-induced α′′ martensite formation is essential to the mechanical properties of a variety of metastable β Ti alloys by extending elasticity or contributing to work-hardening during plastic deformation. Nevertheless, to date, a comprehensive analysis of the effect of β texture and applied stress state on the martensitic transformation to α′′ is still lacking. The present study therefore provides a detailed analysis of the work which is made available from the shape strain of the martensitic transformation under a variety of in-plane stress states and as a function of β crystal orientation. The available work was found to strongly depend on the applied stress state and the parent grain orientation. The shape strain of the martensitic transformation was obtained from applying the phenomenological theory of martensite crystallography. In cases where this theory was not applicable, an approximation of the shape strain by the Bain strain was found to provide a good approximation of the available work. Analysis of three different metastable β Ti alloys showed no strong effect of the alloy composition on the available work. Martensite formation from typical cold- and warm-rolling β texture components under different stress states is discussed. Cases are highlighted to show how the cold- and warm-rolling β textures can be tailored to hinder martensite formation upon subsequent industrial forming operations.

中文翻译：

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预测亚稳态 β Ti 合金中变形诱导的 α'' 马氏体形成的可用功

变形诱导的 α'' 马氏体形成对各种亚稳态 β Ti 合金的机械性能至关重要，因为它在塑性变形过程中扩展了弹性或有助于加工硬化。然而，迄今为止，仍然缺乏对 β 织构和施加的应力状态对马氏体转变为 α'' 的影响的综合分析。因此，本研究提供了对各种面内应力状态下马氏体转变的形状应变以及作为 β 晶体取向的函数的工作的详细分析。发现可用的功在很大程度上取决于施加的应力状态和母体晶粒取向。马氏体转变的形状应变是通过应用马氏体晶体学的现象学理论获得的。在该理论不适用的情况下，发现贝恩应变对形状应变的近似值提供了可用功的良好近似值。对三种不同亚稳态 β Ti 合金的分析表明，合金成分对可用功没有明显影响。讨论了在不同应力状态下由典型的冷轧和温轧 β 织构成分形成的马氏体。突出显示了案例，以展示如何定制冷轧和温轧 β 织构以阻止后续工业成型操作中马氏体的形成。对三种不同亚稳态 β Ti 合金的分析表明，合金成分对可用功没有明显影响。讨论了在不同应力状态下由典型的冷轧和温轧 β 织构成分形成的马氏体。突出显示了案例，以展示如何定制冷轧和温轧 β 织构以阻止后续工业成型操作中马氏体的形成。对三种不同亚稳态 β Ti 合金的分析表明，合金成分对可用功没有明显影响。讨论了在不同应力状态下由典型的冷轧和温轧 β 织构成分形成的马氏体。突出显示了案例，以展示如何定制冷轧和温轧 β 织构以阻止后续工业成型操作中马氏体的形成。