Recent observations suggest that substantial phytoplankton blooms occur under sea ice on Arctic continental shelves during June and July. This is opposed to the traditional view that no significant biomass is produced in sea‐ice covered waters. However, no observational estimates are available on the Arctic‐wide primary production beneath sea ice. Here, using a fully coupled Arctic system model, we estimate that 63%/41% of the total primary production in the central Arctic occurs in waters covered by sea ice that is ≥50%/≥85% concentration. The total primary production there is increasing at a rate of 5.2% per decade during 1980–2018. Increased light transmission, due to the removal of sea ice, more extensive melt ponds, and thinner sea ice, is implicated as the main cause of increasing trends in primary production.

中文翻译：

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隐藏的生产：北极海冰下浮游植物浮游植物的重要性

最近的观察表明，六月和七月期间，北极大陆架的海冰下大量浮游植物开花。这与传统观点相反，传统观点认为，在覆盖冰海的水域中不会产生大量生物质。但是，没有关于北极海冰下初级生产的任何观测估计。在这里，使用完全耦合的北极系统模型，我们估计北极中部总初级生产的63％/ 41％发生在浓度≥50％/≥85％的被海冰覆盖的水中。在1980–2018年期间，该地区的初级生产总值每十年以5.2％的速度增长。归因于去除了海冰，更宽的熔池和更薄的海冰，增加的光透射是初级生产趋势增加的主要原因。