The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of an infant mental health intervention, the Newborn Behavioral Observations system (NBO), versus usual care (UC) on infant neurodevelopment and maternal depressive symptoms in early intervention (EI). This multisite randomized trial enrolled newborns into the NBO (n = 16) or UC group (n = 22) and followed them for 6 months. Outcome measures included the Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI‐2), Bayley Scales of Infants Development (BSID‐III), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D). The CES‐D and BSID‐III were collected at 3‐ and 6‐months post EI entry and the BDI‐2 was collected at EI entry and 6‐months post‐EI entry. We estimated group differences [95% CI], adjusting for program characteristics. At 6 months, the NBO group had greater gains in Communication (b = 1.0 [0.2, 1.8]), Self‐Care (b = 2.0 [0.1, 3.9]), Perception and Concepts (b = 2.0 [0.4, 3.6]), and Attention and Memory (b = 3.0 [0.4, 6.0]) than the UC group. The NBO group also had greater decline in maternal postnatal depressive symptoms (b = −2.0 [−3.7, −0.3]) than the UC group. Infants receiving the NBO infant mental health intervention had greater gains in cognitive and adaptive functions at 6 months than infants receiving UC. Caregivers receiving NBO care had greater improvements in maternal depressive symptoms than caregivers receiving UC.

中文翻译：

---

新生儿行为观察（NBO）系统在早期干预中的作用：一项多站点随机对照试验。

这项初步研究的目的是评估婴儿心理健康干预，新生儿行为观察系统（NBO）与常规护理（UC）相比，对早期干预（EI）中婴儿神经发育和产妇抑郁症状的影响。这项多地点随机试验将新生儿纳入NBO（n  = 16）或UC组（n = 22），并追踪了他们6个月。结果指标包括婴儿发展发育量表（BDI-2），贝利婴儿发育量表（BSID-III）和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）。CES‐D和BSID‐III是在EI进入后3个月和6个月收集的，而BDI-2是在EI进入和EI后6个月收集的。我们根据计划的特点估算了小组差异[95％CI]。在6个月时，非营利组织组在沟通（b  = 1.0 [0.2，1.8]），自我护理（b  = 2.0 [0.1，3.9]），知觉和观念（b  = 2.0 [0.4，3.6]）方面有更大的收获以及注意和记忆（b = UC组的3.0 [0.4，6.0]）。NBO组的产妇产后抑郁症状的下降也 比UC组更大（b = -2.0 [-3.7，-0.3]）。与接受UC的婴儿相比，接受NBO婴儿心理健康干预的婴儿在6个月时的认知和适应功能得到了更大的提高。接受NBO护理的护理人员比接受UC的护理人员在产妇抑郁症状方面的改善更大。