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Room semantics inference using random forest and relational graph convolutional networks: A case study of research building
Transactions in GIS ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 , DOI: 10.1111/tgis.12664
Xuke Hu 1 , Hongchao Fan 2 , Alexey Noskov 1 , Zhiyong Wang 3 , Alexander Zipf 1 , Fuqiang Gu 4 , Jianga Shang 5
Affiliation  

Semantically rich maps are the foundation of indoor location‐based services. Many map providers such as OpenStreetMap and automatic mapping solutions focus on the representation and detection of geometric information (e.g., shape of room) and a few semantics (e.g., stairs and furniture) but neglect room usage. To mitigate the issue, this work proposes a general room tagging method for public buildings, which can benefit both existing map providers and automatic mapping solutions by inferring the missing room usage based on indoor geometric maps. Two kinds of statistical learning‐based room tagging methods are adopted: traditional machine learning (e.g., random forests) and deep learning, specifically relational graph convolutional networks (R‐GCNs), based on the geometric properties (e.g., area), topological relationships (e.g., adjacency and inclusion), and spatial distribution characteristics of rooms. In the machine learning‐based approach, a bidirectional beam search strategy is proposed to deal with the issue that the tag of a room depends on the tag of its neighbors in an undirected room sequence. In the R‐GCN‐based approach, useful properties of neighboring nodes (rooms) in the graph are automatically gathered to classify the nodes. Research buildings are taken as examples to evaluate the proposed approaches based on 130 floor plans with 3,330 rooms by using fivefold cross‐validation. The experiments conducted show that the random forest‐based approach achieves a higher tagging accuracy (0.85) than R‐GCN (0.79).

中文翻译:

使用随机森林和关系图卷积网络进行房间语义推理:以研究大楼为例

语义丰富的地图是室内基于位置的服务的基础。许多地图提供程序(例如OpenStreetMap和自动地图解决方案)都专注于几何信息(例如房间的形状)和一些语义(例如楼梯和家具)的表示和检测,但忽略了房间的使用。为了缓解该问题,这项工作提出了一种用于公共建筑的通用房间标记方法,该方法可以通过基于室内几何地图推断缺少的房间使用情况,从而使现有的地图提供者和自动地图解决方案都受益。采用了两种基于统计学习的房间标记方法:传统的机器学习(例如,随机森林)和深度学习,特别是基于几何特性(例如,面积),拓扑关系的关系图卷积网络(R-GCN) (例如,邻接和包容性)以及房间的空间分布特征。在基于机器学习的方法中,提出了一种双向波束搜索策略,以解决房间的标签取决于无方向房间序列中其邻居的标签的问题。在基于R‐GCN的方法中,将自动收集图中相邻节点(房间)的有用属性以对节点进行分类。以研究大楼为例,通过五重交叉验证,基于130个平面图,3,330个房间来评估所提议的方法。进行的实验表明,基于随机森林的方法比R‐GCN(0.79)可获得更高的标签准确性(0.85)。提出了一种双向波束搜索策略,以解决一个房间的标签取决于其在无向房间序列中邻居的标签的问题。在基于R‐GCN的方法中,将自动收集图中相邻节点(房间)的有用属性以对节点进行分类。以研究大楼为例,通过五重交叉验证,基于130个平面图,3,330个房间来评估所提议的方法。进行的实验表明,基于随机森林的方法比R‐GCN(0.79)可获得更高的标签准确性(0.85)。提出了一种双向波束搜索策略,以解决一个房间的标签取决于其在无向房间序列中邻居的标签的问题。在基于R‐GCN的方法中,将自动收集图中相邻节点(房间)的有用属性以对节点进行分类。以研究大楼为例,通过五重交叉验证,基于130个平面图,3,330个房间来评估所提议的方法。进行的实验表明,基于随机森林的方法比R‐GCN(0.79)可获得更高的标签准确性(0.85)。以研究大楼为例,通过五重交叉验证,基于130个平面图,3,330个房间来评估所提议的方法。进行的实验表明,基于随机森林的方法比R‐GCN(0.79)可获得更高的标签准确性(0.85)。以研究大楼为例,通过五重交叉验证,基于130个平面图,3,330个房间来评估所提议的方法。进行的实验表明,基于随机森林的方法比R‐GCN(0.79)可获得更高的标签准确性(0.85)。
更新日期:2020-08-19
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