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Emerging Advances of Cell‐Free Systems toward Artificial Cells
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000406 Yi Zhu 1 , Xiaocui Guo 1 , Jinqiao Liu 1 , Feng Li 1 , Dayong Yang 1
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000406 Yi Zhu 1 , Xiaocui Guo 1 , Jinqiao Liu 1 , Feng Li 1 , Dayong Yang 1
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Artificial cells that mimic the architectural and functional characteristics of living cells not only shed light on the physical principle of life but also facilitate development in the areas such as cell engineering and biomedicine. Cell‐free systems carry out the central dogma that refers to the transcription and translation in the absence of living cells, offering a simplified and controllable platform to study cellular biological processes and design principle. Many efforts have been devoted to construct artificial cells by using cell‐free systems with mimicking cellular structures and characteristics, such as molecular crowding, compartments, gene noise, network, dynamic behavior, and cell communication. Here, the recent emerging advances of cell‐free system toward artificial cells are summarized and discussed. It is notable that this area involves multidisciplinary fields such as material chemistry, nanotechnology, and molecular biology. Although there are still much difficulties and challenges for bottom‐up designing systems with desirable properties for cells, it is firmly believed that with the development of synthetic biology, artificial cells based on the cell‐free systems will provide more possibilities to mimic the complex structures and behaviors of cells.
中文翻译：
无细胞系统向人工细胞的新兴进展
模仿活细胞的结构和功能特征的人造细胞不仅阐明了生命的物理原理，而且还促进了细胞工程和生物医学等领域的发展。无细胞系统执行中央教条，即在没有活细胞的情况下进行转录和翻译，为研究细胞生物学过程和设计原理提供了一个简化且可控的平台。通过使用具有模拟细胞结构和特征的无细胞系统，如分子拥挤，区室，基因噪声，网络，动态行为和细胞通讯，人们已经做出了许多努力来构建人造细胞。在此，总结并讨论了无细胞系统向人造细胞的最新发展。值得注意的是，该领域涉及多学科领域，例如材料化学，纳米技术和分子生物学。尽管自下而上设计具有理想细胞特性的系统仍然存在许多困难和挑战，但人们坚信随着合成生物学的发展，基于无细胞系统的人工细胞将为模仿复杂结构提供更多可能性和细胞的行为。
更新日期：2020-10-07
中文翻译：
无细胞系统向人工细胞的新兴进展
模仿活细胞的结构和功能特征的人造细胞不仅阐明了生命的物理原理，而且还促进了细胞工程和生物医学等领域的发展。无细胞系统执行中央教条，即在没有活细胞的情况下进行转录和翻译，为研究细胞生物学过程和设计原理提供了一个简化且可控的平台。通过使用具有模拟细胞结构和特征的无细胞系统，如分子拥挤，区室，基因噪声，网络，动态行为和细胞通讯，人们已经做出了许多努力来构建人造细胞。在此，总结并讨论了无细胞系统向人造细胞的最新发展。值得注意的是，该领域涉及多学科领域，例如材料化学，纳米技术和分子生物学。尽管自下而上设计具有理想细胞特性的系统仍然存在许多困难和挑战，但人们坚信随着合成生物学的发展，基于无细胞系统的人工细胞将为模仿复杂结构提供更多可能性和细胞的行为。
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