Abstract We report on a controlled process of atomic-scale material design based on calcination-temperature-induced structural variation and its influence on capacitive energy storage characteristics of spinel-structured NiCo2O4 rods (NCOR). Precisely, morphology-tuned NCOR were grown through a facile solvothermal process followed by a controlled calcination. The meticulous thermal-kinetics study revealed that the activation energy of 269.53 kJ/mol could transform the hydroxides into oxides completely. The precipitate was annealed at variable temperatures (350, 450 and 550 °C) to incorporate structural changes with variation in size of the crystallites. NCOR-450 consisting of fine-sized nanocrystallites coated on a flexible graphite foil exhibited a maximum gravimetric specific capacitance of 326.1 F/g at a constant current density of 0.5 A/g. The comparatively smaller crystallites lead to attractive capacitances as the temperature-induced grain-growth-correlated electrical properties influence the electrochemical properties significantly.

中文翻译：

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通过温度介导的用于电容储能的 NiCo2O4 棒的晶粒细化实现原子级材料设计的受控过程

摘要 我们报告了基于煅烧温度引起的结构变化的原子级材料设计受控过程及其对尖晶石结构的 NiCo2O4 棒 (NCOR) 电容储能特性的影响。准确地说，形态调整的 NCOR 是通过简单的溶剂热过程生长的，然后是受控的煅烧。细致的热动力学研究表明，269.53 kJ/mol 的活化能可以将氢氧化物完全转化为氧化物。沉淀物在不同的温度（350、450 和 550 °C）下退火，以结合结构变化和微晶尺寸的变化。NCOR-450 由涂覆在柔性石墨箔上的精细纳米微晶组成，在 0.5 A/g 的恒定电流密度下表现出 326.1 F/g 的最大重量比电容。