Linoleic acid (LA) is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid found in the Western diet. Cytochrome P450-derived LA metabolites 9,10-epoxyoctadecenoic acid (9,10-EpOME), 12,13-epoxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-EpOME), 9,10-dihydroxy-12Z-octadecenoic acid (9,10-DiHOME) and 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-DiHOME) have been studied for their association with various disease states and biological functions. Previous studies of the EpOMEs and DiHOMEs have focused on their roles in cytotoxic processes, primarily in the inhibition of the neutrophil respiratory burst. More recent research has suggested the DiHOMEs may be important lipid mediators in pain perception, altered immune response and brown adipose tissue activation by cold and exercise. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological roles and modes of action of the EpOMEs and DiHOMEs in health and disease.

亚油酸（LA）是西方饮食中最丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸。细胞色素 P450 衍生的 LA 代谢物 9,10-环氧十八烯酸 (9,10-EpOME)、12,13-环氧十八烯酸 (12,13-EpOME)、9,10-二羟基-12Z-十八烯酸 (9,10-DiHOME) ）和 12,13-二羟基-9Z-十八碳烯酸（12,13-DiHOME）已被研究与各种疾病状态和生物功能的关联。之前对 EpOME 和 DiHOME 的研究主要集中在它们在细胞毒性过程中的作用，主要是抑制中性粒细胞呼吸爆发。最近的研究表明，DiHOMEs 可能是疼痛感知、免疫反应改变以及寒冷和运动引起的棕色脂肪组织激活的重要脂质介质。本综述的目的是总结目前对 EpOME 和 DiHOME 在健康和疾病中的生理和病理生理作用以及作用模式的理解。