Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urologic malignant tumors. Current chemotherapy is not effective to RCC and results in some side-effects. Resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to exert anti-tumor effects in some cancer cells; however the mechanism is not fully understood. Herein, we aimed to determine the anti-cancer effect of RSV on RCC, and further explore the underlying molecular mechanism in this process. We found that RSV inhibited tumor cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and increased apoptosis of RCC either in vivo or in vitro. RSV significantly down-regulated expressions of NLRP3 and its down-stream genes. Inhibition of NLRP3 by NLRP3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) mimicked the effects of RSV on RCC cells. These results suggested that RSV could exert anti-tumor effect by depressing activity of NLRP3, and NLRP3 would be a promising clinical therapeutic strategy for RCC.

肾细胞癌（RCC）是最常见的泌尿系恶性肿瘤之一。当前的化学疗法对RCC无效，并且导致一些副作用。据报道，白藜芦醇（RSV）在某些癌细胞中具有抗肿瘤作用。但是该机制尚未完全了解。在本文中，我们旨在确定RSV对RCC的抗癌作用，并进一步探讨该过程中的潜在分子机制。我们发现RSV在体内或体外均抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖，迁移，侵袭和增加RCC的凋亡。RSV显着下调了NLRP3及其下游基因的表达。NLRP3小干扰RNA（siRNA）对NLRP3的抑制作用模仿了RSV对RCC细胞的作用。这些结果表明RSV可以通过抑制NLRP3的活性发挥抗肿瘤作用，而NLRP3将是RCC的一种有前途的临床治疗策略。