High-fat diets have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases, which are also largely related to the type and amount of dietary proteins. However, to our knowledge, it is little known how dietary proteins affect neurodegenerative changes. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary proteins in a high-fat diet on hippocampus functions related to enteric glial cells (EGCs) in Wistar rats that were fed either 40% or 20% (calorie) casein, chicken protein or pork protein for 12 weeks (n=10 each group). Inflammatory factors, glutamatergic system, EGCs, astrocytes and nutrient transporters were measured. A high-chicken-protein diet significantly increased the levels of systemic inflammatory factors, Tau protein and amyloid precursor protein mRNA level in the rat hippocampus. The type and level of dietary proteins in high-fat diets did not affect the gene expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and α-synuclein (P>.05), indicating a negligible effect on astrocyte activity. However, the high-protein diets up-regulated glutamate transporters compared with the low-protein diets (P<.05), while they reduced the γ-aminobutyric acid content in high-chicken and -pork-protein diets (P<.05). Thus, compared with a low-protein diet (20%), a high-chicken or -pork-protein diet (40%) under a high-fat background could alter the balance between glutamatergic system and neurotransmitter and have a stronger effect on the interactions between hippocampal glutamatergic system and EGCs.

高脂饮食与神经退行性疾病有关，神经退行性疾病还与饮食蛋白的类型和数量有关。然而，据我们所知，饮食蛋白如何影响神经退行性改变尚不为人所知。在这项研究中，我们调查了高脂饮食中饮食蛋白对Wistar大鼠肠道肠神经胶质细胞（EGC）相关海马功能的影响，这些大鼠饲喂40％或20％（卡路里）的酪蛋白，鸡肉蛋白或猪肉蛋白12周（ñ=每组10个）。测量了炎症因子，谷氨酸能系统，EGC，星形胶质细胞和营养转运蛋白。高鸡蛋白饮食会显着增加大鼠海马体内的全身炎症因子，Tau蛋白和淀粉样前体蛋白mRNA水平。高脂饮食中饮食蛋白质的类型和水平不会影响神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白质和α-突触核蛋白的基因表达（P > .05），表明对星形胶质细胞活性的影响可忽略不计。然而，高蛋白日粮与低蛋白日粮相比谷氨酸转运蛋白上调（P <.05），而它们却降低了高鸡肉和猪肉蛋白日粮中的γ-氨基丁酸含量（P<.05）。因此，与低蛋白饮食（20％）相比，高脂肪背景下的高鸡肉或-猪肉蛋白饮食（40％）可能会改变谷氨酸能系统和神经递质之间的平衡，并且对谷氨酸能的作用更强。海马谷氨酸能系统与EGCs之间的相互作用