Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death. The mainly risks factors for CVD are diabetes, hypertension and high levels of homocysteine (Hcys), among others. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) has been proposed as an antiatherogenic target for its ability to hydrolyzing oxi-Low-Density-Lipoproteins (LDL) and Hcys-thiolactone. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of Hcys levels, and the activities and concentration of PON1, as well as vitamin B from the diet with a risk for CVD.

Methods

A case-control study was carry out in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), Arterial hypertension, but not CVD (AH), and in healthy controls (control group) from the Mexican Institute of Social Security. Lipid profile, intake of vitamin B, Hcys, serum amyloid A (SAA), PON1 concentration, and PON1 activities (Arylesterase activity (ARE), Lactonase activity (LAC), and CMPA activity (CMPA)) were evaluated.

Results

The CVD group had the highest concentration of Hcys and SAA than in the AH and control groups (p < 0.01). ARE, LAC, and CMPA activities and PON1 concentration were lowest in the CVD group. A positive-independent association between Hcys levels and CVD was found (OR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.69–2.56) and this increase when it was adjusted by age, BMI, ApoA1, vitamin B intake, SAA, and PON1 (OR = 14.41; 95% CI: 1.75–118.71). LAC and CMPA, as well as PON1 concentration, were inversely associated with CVD.

Conclusion

LAC activity, PON1 concentration, and Hcys levels might be good biomarkers for CVD and their association could be modified by the intake of vitamin B.

中文翻译：

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PON1 状态和同型半胱氨酸水平作为心血管疾病的潜在生物标志物。

背景

心血管疾病（CVD）是导致死亡的主要原因。心血管疾病的主要风险因素是糖尿病、高血压和高水平的同型半胱氨酸 (Hcys) 等。对氧磷酶 1 (PON1) 已被提议作为抗动脉粥样硬化靶点，因为它能够水解氧化低密度脂蛋白 (LDL) 和 Hcys-硫内酯。因此，本研究的目的是评估 Hcys 水平、PON1 的活性和浓度以及饮食中的维生素 B 与 CVD 风险之间的关系。

方法

一项病例对照研究在患有心血管疾病 (CVD)、动脉高血压但不是 CVD (AH) 的患者以及墨西哥社会保障研究所的健康对照组（对照组）中进行。评估了脂质谱、维生素 B、Hcys 摄入量、血清淀粉样蛋白 A (SAA)、PON1 浓度和 PON1 活性（芳基酯酶活性 (ARE)、内酯酶活性 (LAC) 和 CMPA 活性 (CMPA)）。

结果

CVD组Hcys和SAA浓度高于AH组和对照组（p  <0.01）。CVD 组的 ARE、LAC 和 CMPA 活性和 PON1 浓度最低。发现 Hcys 水平与 CVD 之间存在独立的正相关关联（OR = 2.09；95% CI：1.69-2.56），并且在根据年龄、BMI、ApoA1、维生素 B 摄入量、SAA 和 PON1 进行调整后，这种关联增加（OR = 14.41；95% CI：1.75–118.71)。LAC 和 CMPA 以及 PON1 浓度与 CVD 呈负相关。

结论

LAC 活性、PON1 浓度和 Hcys 水平可能是 CVD 的良好生物标志物，并且它们的关联可以通过摄入维生素 B 来改变。