Advanced additive manufacturing actively widens its tool box of wettability-related phenomena to be used in production of new items. Novel self-healing engineering materials incorporate vascular networks with two types of nanochannels: the one containing a resin monomer, whereas another one — a curing agent. If such nanocomposites are damaged locally, both types of channels are locally broken, and they release resin monomer and curing agent droplets. These droplets spread by wettability over the nanotextured matrix, touch each other, and coalesce, which triggers polymerization reaction and crack stitching. Wettability-facilitated droplet spreading is accompanied by liquid imbibition in the pores in the nanofiber network. Such process peculiarities are in focus in the present review. An additional process relevant in direct writing and 3D printing is electrowetting (EW). It stems from the change in the contact angle in response to the electric polarization of dielectric substrates. EW allows movement of droplets on horizontal, vertical, and inverse surfaces, which can significantly facilitate the existing direct writing and 3D printing technologies. Accordingly, EW is also in focus in the present review.

先进的增材制造技术积极拓宽了与润湿相关现象的工具箱，可用于生产新产品。新型的自修复工程材料将血管网络与两种类型的纳米通道结合在一起：一种包含树脂单体，而另一种则包含固化剂。如果这种纳米复合材料被局部破坏，则两种类型的通道都被局部破坏，并且它们释放出树脂单体和固化剂液滴。这些液滴通过润湿性扩散到纳米结构化基质上，彼此接触并聚结，从而引发聚合反应和裂纹缝合。润湿性促进的液滴散布伴随着纳米纤维网络中孔中的液体吸收。这种过程的特点是本审查的重点。与直接书写和3D打印相关的其他过程是电润湿（EW）。它源于接触角响应于电介质基板的电极化的变化。EW允许液滴在水平，垂直和反向表面上移动，这可以极大地促进现有的直接书写和3D打印技术。因此，电子战也是本综述的重点。