According to the buckle release theories, the seat belt can be released during an impact and the occupant sustained injuries without a benefit from the restraint system. A few studies have been published demonstrating that the seat belt release during an impact results in belt entanglement of occupant’s outboard arm. However, there is no previous belt entanglement study using airbag equipped vehicle. Two controlled sled tests in 30-degree oblique frontal impact using airbag equipped vehicle were conducted at 44 km/h delta V to compare the driver occupant kinematics, physical evidence on seat belt system and occupant interaction with the seat belt in fully restrained and partially restrained condition. The fully restrained test demonstrated the nature and extent of the physical evidence placed on a latched and properly worn restraint system. Loading marks were found on restraint’s webbing and hardware including the latch plate and guide loop (D ring). The partially restrained test results showed that a release of the latch plate was followed by webbing engagement with the ATD left arm and subsequent loading. This loading event produces large contact forces on the left arm which can produce significant surface injuries.

中文翻译：

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倾斜正面碰撞时安全带释放的物理证据

根据带扣释放理论，安全带可以在碰撞过程中被释放并且乘员遭受了伤害，而没有从约束系统中受益。已经发表了一些研究表明，在碰撞过程中安全带释放会导致乘员外侧手臂的安全带缠结。但是，以前没有使用装有安全气囊的车辆进行皮带缠绕的研究。在配备有安全气囊的车辆上以30 km / h增量V进行了30度倾斜正面碰撞的两个受控雪橇测试，以比较驾驶员乘员的运动学，安全带系统的物理证据以及乘员在完全约束和部分约束下与安全带的相互作用健康）状况。完全约束的测试表明放置在闩锁且正确磨损的约束系统上的物理证据的性质和程度。在约束的织带和包括闩锁板和导向环（D形环）的硬件上发现了装载痕迹。部分受约束的测试结果表明，释放闩锁板之后，将织带与ATD左臂接合，然后进行加载。这种加载事件会在左臂上产生较大的接触力，从而可能导致严重的表面伤害。