Rapid development of gene sequencing technologies has led to an exponential increase in microbial sequencing data. Genome research of a single organism does not capture the changes in the characteristics of genetic information within a species. Pan-genome analysis gives us a broader perspective to study the complete genetic information of a species. Paenibacillus polymyxa is a Gram-positive bacterium and an important plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with the ability to produce multiple antibiotics, such as fusaricidin, lantibiotic, paenilan, and polymyxin. Our study explores the pan-genome of 14 representative P. polymyxa strains isolated from around the world. Heap’s law model and curve fitting confirmed an open pan-genome of P. polymyxa. The phylogenetic and collinearity analyses reflected that the evolutionary classification of P. polymyxa strains are not associated with geographical area and ecological niches. Few genes related to phytohormone synthesis and phosphate solubilization were conserved; however, the nif cluster gene associated with nitrogen fixation exists only in some strains. This finding is indicative of nitrogen fixing ability is not stable in P. polymyxa. Analysis of antibiotic gene clusters in P. polymyxa revealed the presence of these genes in both core and accessory genomes. This observation indicates that the difference in living environment led to loss of ability to synthesize antibiotics in some strains. The current pan-genomic analysis of P. polymyxa will help us understand the mechanisms of biological control and plant growth promotion. It will also promote the use of P. polymyxa in agriculture.

基因测序技术的飞速发展导致微生物测序数据呈指数增长。单一生物体的基因组研究无法捕获物种内遗传信息特征的变化。泛基因组分析为我们提供了一个更广泛的视角来研究物种的完整遗传信息。多粘芽孢杆菌是革兰氏阳性细菌，是一种重要的植物促生根瘤菌，具有产生多种抗生素的能力，例如fusaricidin，羊毛硫抗生素，潘尼兰和多粘菌素。我们的研究探索了从世界各地分离出的14种代表性体育多粘菌菌株的全基因组。堆定律模型和曲线拟合确定了开放的多粘液全基因组。系统发育和共线性分析表明，多粘多糖菌株的进化分类与地理区域和生态位无关。与植物激素合成和磷酸盐增溶相关的基因很少被保留；然而，与氮固定相关的nif簇基因仅在某些菌株中存在。这一发现表明固氮能力在多粘体育中不稳定。对多粘疟原虫中抗生素基因簇的分析揭示了核心和辅助基因组中这些基因的存在。该观察结果表明，生活环境的差异导致某些菌株丧失合成抗生素的能力。当前的全基因组分析P. polymyxa将帮助我们了解生物控制和促进植物生长的机制。它还将促进在农业中使用多粘多糖。