In spite of its economic outputs, the Canadian mining sector has suffered from several setbacks that have compromised its reputation. This has led many of its stakeholders to adopt a shift towards a new paradigm focused on sustainable development. In this review of the literature, we identify the impact that mining activities have had on various social, economic and environmental issues in Canadian society. We also survey the criteria and indicators included in various models that may be used to evaluate the adequacy of the transition of mines towards sustainable development. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of eight tools that have been applied to the socioeconomic impact of mines are analysed. A clear vision of prospects for promoting sustainable development in Canadian mining emerges from this survey. Our analysis reveals important factors not given adequate consideration in the models used currently to evaluate and suggests opportunities to improve these evaluation tools through identification of more relevant criteria and indicators. The research undertaken should incite stakeholders to develop social and economic impact evaluation tools that are better adapted to the Canadian context.

中文翻译：

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采矿业的可持续发展：致力于开发在加拿大背景下评估社会经济影响的工具

尽管取得了经济产出，但加拿大采矿业还是遭受了数次影响其声誉的挫折。这导致它的许多利益相关者转向以可持续发展为重点的新范式。在这篇文献综述中，我们确定了采矿活动对加拿大社会的各种社会、经济和环境问题的影响。我们还调查了各种模型中包含的标准和指标，这些标准和指标可用于评估矿山向可持续发展过渡的充分性。最后，分析了已应用于矿山社会经济影响的八种工具的优缺点。本次调查显示了促进加拿大矿业可持续发展的清晰前景。我们的分析揭示了当前用于评估的模型中没有充分考虑的重要因素，并提出了通过确定更相关的标准和指标来改进这些评估工具的机会。所进行的研究应鼓励利益相关者开发更适合加拿大国情的社会和经济影响评估工具。