This paper is devoted to the multidisciplinary modelling of a pandemic initiated by an aggressive virus, specifically the so-called SARS–CoV–[Formula: see text] Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, corona virus n.[Formula: see text]. The study is developed within a multiscale framework accounting for the interaction of different spatial scales, from the small scale of the virus itself and cells, to the large scale of individuals and further up to the collective behaviour of populations. An interdisciplinary vision is developed thanks to the contributions of epidemiologists, immunologists and economists as well as those of mathematical modellers. The first part of the contents is devoted to understanding the complex features of the system and to the design of a modelling rationale. The modelling approach is treated in the second part of the paper by showing both how the virus propagates into infected individuals, successfully and not successfully recovered, and also the spatial patterns, which are subsequently studied by kinetic and lattice models. The third part reports the contribution of research in the fields of virology, epidemiology, immune competition, and economy focussed also on social behaviours. Finally, a critical analysis is proposed looking ahead to research perspectives.

中文翻译：

---

病毒大流行的多尺度模型：全球互联世界中的异构交互实体

本文致力于对由侵袭性病毒引发的大流行进行多学科建模，特别是所谓的 SARS–CoV–[公式：见文本]严重急性呼吸系统综合症，日冕病毒 n[公式：见文本]。该研究是在一个多尺度框架内进行的，考虑了不同空间尺度的相互作用，从病毒本身和细胞的小尺度到个体的大尺度，再到人群的集体行为。由于流行病学家、免疫学家和经济学家以及数学建模者的贡献，跨学科的视野得以形成。内容的第一部分致力于理解系统的复杂特征和建模原理的设计。本文的第二部分通过展示病毒如何传播到受感染的个体（成功和未成功恢复）以及空间模式（随后通过动力学和晶格模型进行研究）来处理建模方法。第三部分报告了病毒学、流行病学、免疫竞争和经济领域的研究贡献，也侧重于社会行为。最后，提出了一个批判性的分析，展望未来的研究视角。经济也关注社会行为。最后，提出了一个批判性的分析，展望未来的研究视角。经济也关注社会行为。最后，提出了一个批判性的分析，展望未来的研究视角。