ABSTRACT Existing evidence on the possible effects of saffron on glycemic indices were inconclusive. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to clarify the effects of saffron supplementation on glycemic indices, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) among both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. A systematic literature search of online databases PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of science and Cochrane’s library was conducted up to August 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of saffron supplementation on glycemic indices in adults were included. A total of 15 trials involving 1139 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Saffron supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in FBS (WMD = −5.26 mg/dL; 95% CI: −10.08 to −0.44; I 2 = 89.7%), HbA1c (WMD = −0.15%; 95% CI, −0.28 to −0.02; I 2 = 79.4%,), fasting insulin (WMD = 0.12 mIU/L; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.20; I 2 = 26.6%), and an increase in QUICKI (WMD = 0.01; 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.009; I 2 = 78.4%) compared to control. Saffron supplementation could not reduce HOMA-IR significantly (SMD = −0.21; 95% CI, −0.45 to 0.02; I 2 = 0.0%). Saffron supplements may be beneficial to improve glyceamic indices. Therefore, saffron could be considered as a valuable adjuvant therapy regarding glycemic control of patients.

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藏红花补充剂对血糖指数的影响：随机对照临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析

摘要 关于藏红花可能对血糖指数产生影响的现有证据尚无定论。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是阐明补充藏红花对血糖指数的影响，包括空腹血糖 (FBG)、空腹胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c)、定量胰岛素敏感性检查指数 (QUICKI) 和稳态糖尿病和非糖尿病患者的胰岛素抵抗模型评估 (HOMA-IR)。截至 2020 年 8 月，对在线数据库 PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of science 和 Cochrane 图书馆进行了系统的文献搜索。包括了调查补充藏红花对成人血糖指数影响的随机对照试验 (RCT)。本系统评价和荟萃分析共纳入了 15 项试验，涉及 1139 名参与者。补充藏红花可显着降低 FBS（WMD = -5.26 mg/dL；95% CI：-10.08 至 -0.44；I 2 = 89.7%）、HbA1c（WMD = -0.15%；95% CI，-0.28 至−0.02；I 2 = 79.4%,)，空腹胰岛素（WMD = 0.12 mIU/L；95% CI，0.03 至 0.20；I 2 = 26.6%），以及 QUICKI 增加（WMD = 0.01；95% CI， 0.001 至 0.009；I 2 = 78.4%) 与对照相比。补充藏红花不能显着降低 HOMA-IR（SMD = -0.21；95% CI，-0.45 至 0.02；I 2 = 0.0%）。藏红花补充剂可能有益于改善血糖指数。因此，藏红花可被认为是有关患者血糖控制的有价值的辅助疗法。-10.08 至 -0.44；I 2 = 89.7%），HbA1c（WMD = -0.15%；95% CI，-0.28 至 -0.02；I 2 = 79.4%，），空腹胰岛素（WMD = 0.12 mIU/L；95% CI，0.03 至 0.20 ；I 2 = 26.6%），与对照相比，QUICKI 增加（WMD = 0.01；95% CI，0.001 至 0.009；I 2 = 78.4%）。补充藏红花不能显着降低 HOMA-IR（SMD = -0.21；95% CI，-0.45 至 0.02；I 2 = 0.0%）。藏红花补充剂可能有益于改善血糖指数。因此，藏红花可被认为是有关患者血糖控制的有价值的辅助疗法。-10.08 至 -0.44；I 2 = 89.7%），HbA1c（WMD = -0.15%；95% CI，-0.28 至 -0.02；I 2 = 79.4%，），空腹胰岛素（WMD = 0.12 mIU/L；95% CI，0.03 至 0.20 ；I 2 = 26.6%），与对照相比，QUICKI 增加（WMD = 0.01；95% CI，0.001 至 0.009；I 2 = 78.4%）。补充藏红花不能显着降低 HOMA-IR（SMD = -0.21；95% CI，-0.45 至 0.02；I 2 = 0.0%）。藏红花补充剂可能有益于改善血糖指数。因此，藏红花可被认为是有关患者血糖控制的有价值的辅助疗法。补充藏红花不能显着降低 HOMA-IR（SMD = -0.21；95% CI，-0.45 至 0.02；I 2 = 0.0%）。藏红花补充剂可能有益于改善血糖指数。因此，藏红花可被认为是有关患者血糖控制的有价值的辅助疗法。补充藏红花不能显着降低 HOMA-IR（SMD = -0.21；95% CI，-0.45 至 0.02；I 2 = 0.0%）。藏红花补充剂可能有益于改善血糖指数。因此，藏红花可被认为是有关患者血糖控制的有价值的辅助疗法。