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Aging Effect on Iontophoretic Transdermal Drug Delivery
SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 , DOI: 10.1137/19m1247188
José A. Ferreira , Paula de Oliveira , Luís Pinto

SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 80, Issue 4, Page 1882-1907, January 2020.
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, offering an accessible interface for the administration of drugs. The main obstacle to transdermal drug delivery is the skin's barrier properties, due essentially to the stratum corneum, the skin's outermost layer, which is impermeable to most drugs. There are several techniques used to modify the barrier properties of the stratum corneum and to enhance the permeation of drugs through the skin. One popular approach to overcome this barrier is iontophoresis, a technique where electric fields are applied to enhance the transport, by adding an electric potential gradient to a concentration gradient. Several factors affect iontophoresis transdermal drug delivery (TDD). Among them the mechanical properties of skin play an important role. The skin behaves like a viscoelastic material, and it is well known that transport in viscoelastic media is non-Fickian. Consequently, the traditional Fickian advection-diffusion iontophoretic models are inappropriate. As aging induces huge modifications in the mechanical properties of the skin, the models presented in this paper can provide clinicians with guidelines for personalized TDD. The paper is concerned with the analysis and numerical simulation of a non-Fickian viscoelastic model for iontophoretic transdermal drug transport. A multilayer approach is followed, where the polymeric drug reservoir and the properties of the main skin layers are taken into account. Numerical simulations illustrate the effect of aging in TDD and shed light on how to include it in personalized TDD protocols.


中文翻译:

老化对离子电渗透皮给药的影响

SIAM应用数学杂志,第80卷,第4期,第1882-1907页,2020年1月。
皮肤是人体最大的器官,为药物管理提供了可访问的界面。透皮药物传递的主要障碍是皮肤的屏障特性,这主要归因于角质层,即皮肤的最外层,大多数药物都无法渗透。有几种技术可用于改变角质层的屏障特性并增强药物通过皮肤的渗透。克服此障碍的一种流行方法是离子电渗疗法,该技术通过将电势梯度添加到浓度梯度来施加电场以增强传输。有几个因素会影响离子电渗疗法的透皮药物递送(TDD)。其中,皮肤的机械性能起着重要作用。皮肤的行为就像粘弹性材料,众所周知,粘弹性介质中的传输是非菲克式的。因此,传统的Fickian对流扩散离子电渗模型是不合适的。随着年龄的增长,皮肤的机械特性发生了巨大的变化,本文介绍的模型可以为临床医生提供个性化TDD指导。本文涉及用于离子电渗透皮药物转运的非菲克黏弹性模型的分析和数值模拟。遵循多层方法,其中考虑了聚合物药物储库和主要皮肤层的特性。数值模拟说明了TDD中的老化效果,并阐明了如何将其纳入个性化TDD协议中。传统的Fickian对流扩散离子电渗模型是不合适的。随着年龄的增长,皮肤的机械特性发生了巨大的变化,本文介绍的模型可以为临床医生提供个性化TDD指导。本文涉及用于离子电渗透皮药物转运的非菲克黏弹性模型的分析和数值模拟。遵循多层方法,其中考虑了聚合物药物储库和主要皮肤层的特性。数值模拟说明了TDD中的老化效果,并阐明了如何将其纳入个性化TDD协议中。传统的Fickian对流扩散离子电渗模型是不合适的。随着年龄的增长,皮肤的机械特性发生了巨大的变化,本文介绍的模型可以为临床医生提供个性化TDD指导。本文涉及用于离子电渗透皮药物转运的非菲克黏弹性模型的分析和数值模拟。遵循多层方法,其中考虑了聚合物药物储库和主要皮肤层的特性。数值模拟说明了TDD中的老化效果,并阐明了如何将其纳入个性化TDD协议中。本文介绍的模型可以为临床医生提供个性化TDD指南。本文涉及用于离子电渗透皮药物转运的非菲克黏弹性模型的分析和数值模拟。遵循多层方法,其中考虑了聚合物药物储库和主要皮肤层的特性。数值模拟说明了TDD中的老化效果,并阐明了如何将其纳入个性化TDD协议中。本文介绍的模型可以为临床医生提供个性化TDD指南。本文涉及用于离子电渗透皮药物转运的非菲克黏弹性模型的分析和数值模拟。遵循多层方法,其中考虑了聚合物药物储库和主要皮肤层的特性。数值模拟说明了TDD中的老化效果,并阐明了如何将其纳入个性化TDD协议中。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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