Securing a furan-based biorefinery: disclosing the genetic basis of the degradation of hydroxymethylfurfural and its derivatives in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans.,Microbial Biotechnology

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Securing a furan-based biorefinery: disclosing the genetic basis of the degradation of hydroxymethylfurfural and its derivatives in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans.
Microbial Biotechnology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 , DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13649
Celso Martins ₁ , Diego O Hartmann ₁ , Adélia Varela ₂ , Jaime A S Coelho ₃ , Pedro Lamosa ₁ , Carlos A M Afonso ₃ , Cristina Silva Pereira ₁

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Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a promising lignocellulosic‐derived source for the generation of diverse chemical building blocks constituting an alternative to fossil fuels. However, it remains unanswered if ubiquitous fungi can ensure their efficient decay, similar to that observed in highly specialised fungi. To disclose the genetic basis of HMF degradation in aspergilli, we performed a comprehensive analysis of Aspergillus nidulans ability to tolerate and to degrade HMF and its derivatives (including an HMF‐dimer). We identified the degradation pathway using a suite of metabolomics methods and showed that HMF was modified throughout sequential reactions, ultimately yielding derivatives subsequently channelled to the TCA cycle. Based on the previously revealed hmfFGH gene cluster of Cupriavidus basilensis, we combined gene expression of homologous genes in Aspergillus nidulans and functional analyses in single‐deletion mutants. Results were complemented with orthology analyses across the genomes of twenty‐five fungal species. Our results support high functional redundancy for the initial steps of the HMF degradation pathway in the majority of the analysed fungal genomes and the assignment of a single‐copy furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid decarboxylase gene in A. nidulans. Collectively our data made apparent the superior capacity of aspergilli to mineralise HMF, furthering the environmental sustainability of a furan‐based chemistry.

中文翻译：

确保以呋喃为基础的生物精炼厂的安全：揭示模型真菌构巢曲霉中羟甲基糠醛及其衍生物降解的遗传基础。

羟甲基糠醛 (HMF) 是一种很有前途的木质纤维素来源，可用于生产构成化石燃料替代品的多种化学结构单元。然而，普遍存在的真菌是否能够确保其有效腐烂，类似于在高度专业化的真菌中观察到的情况，仍然没有答案。为了揭示曲霉中 HMF 降解的遗传基础，我们对构巢曲霉耐受和降解 HMF 及其衍生物（包括 HMF 二聚体）的能力进行了全面分析。我们使用一套代谢组学方法确定了降解途径，并表明 HMF 在整个连续反应中被修饰，最终产生随后进入 TCA 循环的衍生物。基于之前揭示的Cupriavidus basilensis hmfFGH基因簇，我们结合构巢曲霉中同源基因的基因表达和单缺失突变体的功能分析。对二十五个真菌物种基因组的直系同源分析对结果进行了补充。我们的结果支持大多数分析的真菌基因组中 HMF 降解途径初始步骤的高度功能冗余，以及构巢曲霉中单拷贝呋喃-2,5-二羧酸脱羧酶基因的分配。总的来说，我们的数据表明曲霉具有矿化 HMF 的卓越能力，从而促进了呋喃类化学物质的环境可持续性。

更新日期：2020-10-05

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