Biodiversity hotspots are routinely identified by grid‐based analyses, despite grids encompassing different habitats, thus hindering the potential to assess which habitat type accounts for the conservation priority assigned to a grid. In this study, we aimed at identifying the main hotspots for the conservation of the European stygobitic Crustacea Copepoda Harpacticoida at the groundwater habitat scale. A multi‐metric approach was used, based on six biodiversity indicators: species richness, endemicity, evolutionary origin, phylogenetic rarity, taxonomic distinctness, habitat specificity. The Hot Spot Analysis, based on the statistics Getis‐Ord Gi*, was used to compare the local to the global average values of each indicator to identify hotspots of conservation. The operational units used to perform the analyses were the groundwater habitat types, in order to gather all the possible patterns of spatial occupancy in terms of habitat variability. Eight biodiversity hotspots of stygobitic Crustacea Harpacticoida were highlighted: 1) the Pyrenees (Spain and France), 2) the Jura Massif (France), 3) the Alpine arc (France, Switzerland and Italy) embracing southward the River Po alluvial plain and the Slovenian External Dinarides, 4) the Central Apennines (Italy), 5) the Carpathian and Balkan mountains in Romania and at the boundary between western Bulgaria and north‐west Macedonia, 6) the Dinaric Alps (from Croatia to Albania), 7) the Sardinia Island, 8) an area in central‐northern Europe embracing Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany. The hotspots showed a clear spatial distribution in southern Europe where they were distributed predominantly south to the 45th parallel, in line to what reiteratively observed in previous studies. Many hotspots embraced more than one habitat type. The adoption of discrete groundwater habitat types as working spatial units rather than grids provided a higher resolution of where the stygobitic harpacticoid species effectively live, with the possibility of intervening more precisely to preserve them and their habitats.

中文翻译：

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跳入网格：在整个欧洲的地下水生境类型中绘制生物多样性热点图

尽管网格覆盖了不同的生境，但通常仍通过基于网格的分析来确定生物多样性热点，因此阻碍了评估哪种生境类型占分配给网格的保护重点的潜力。在这项研究中，我们旨在确定在地下水生境范围内保护欧洲后go类甲壳纲甲足类的主要热点。基于六个生物多样性指标，采用了一种多指标方法：物种丰富度，地方性，进化起源，系统发育稀有性，分类学独特性，生境特异性。热点分析基于Getis-Ord Gi *统计数据，用于比较每个指标的局部平均值与全局平均值，以识别保护热点。用于进行分析的操作单位是地下水生境类型，以便根据栖息地多变性收集所有可能的空间占用模式。突触甲壳动物Harpacticoida的八个生物多样性热点：1）比利牛斯山脉（西班牙和法国），2）汝拉山丘（法国），3）向南包围波河冲积平原和北部的高山弧（法国，瑞士和意大利）。斯洛文尼亚外部Dinarides，4）中亚平宁山脉（意大利），5）罗马尼亚的喀尔巴阡山脉和巴尔干山脉，以及在保加利亚西部和西北马其顿之间的边界，6）狄纳里克阿尔卑斯山（从克罗地亚到阿尔巴尼亚），7）撒丁岛（Sardinia Island），8）位于北欧中部的一个地区，环抱丹麦，荷兰和德国。热点在欧洲南部显示出明显的空间分布，主要分布在第45条平行线以南，与先前研究中反复观察到的结果一致。许多热点涵盖了不止一种栖息地类型。采用离散的地下水生境类型作为工作空间单位，而不是网格，可以提供分辨率更高的定律型类人拟螺类动物有效居住地的分辨率，并可能进行更精确的干预以保护它们及其生境。