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Foundations for Soft, Smart Matter by Active Mechanical Metamaterials
Advanced Science ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 , DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001384
Maya Pishvar 1 , Ryan L Harne 1
Affiliation  

Emerging interest to synthesize active, engineered matter suggests a future where smart material systems and structures operate autonomously around people, serving diverse roles in engineering, medical, and scientific applications. Similar to biological organisms, a realization of active, engineered matter necessitates functionality culminating from a combination of sensory and control mechanisms in a versatile material frame. Recently, metamaterial platforms with integrated sensing and control have been exploited, so that outstanding non‐natural material behaviors are empowered by synergistic microstructures and controlled by smart materials and systems. This emerging body of science around active mechanical metamaterials offers a first glimpse at future foundations for autonomous engineered systems referred to here as soft, smart matter. Using natural inspirations, synergy across disciplines, and exploiting multiple length scales as well as multiple physics, researchers are devising compelling exemplars of actively controlled metamaterials, inspiring concepts for autonomous engineered matter. While scientific breakthroughs multiply in these fields, future technical challenges remain to be overcome to fulfill the vision of soft, smart matter. This Review surveys the intrinsically multidisciplinary body of science targeted to realize soft, smart matter via innovations in active mechanical metamaterials and proposes ongoing research targets that may deliver the promise of autonomous, engineered matter to full fruition.

中文翻译:

主动机械超材料为软智能物质奠定基础

人们对合成活性工程物质的兴趣日益浓厚,预示着未来智能材料系统和结构将围绕人类自主运行,在工程、医疗和科学应用中发挥多种作用。与生物有机体类似,活性工程物质的实现需要通过在多功能材料框架中结合感觉和控制机制来实现功能。最近,具有集成传感和控制功能的超材料平台已被开发出来,从而通过协同微结构赋予出色的非自然材料行为,并由智能材料和系统控制。这一围绕主动机械超材料的新兴科学体系让我们得以初步了解自主工程系统(这里称为软智能物质)的未来基础。利用自然灵感、跨学科协同作用,并利用多种长度尺度和多种物理原理,研究人员正在设计令人信服的主动控制超材料范例,激发自主工程物质的概念。尽管这些领域的科学突破倍增,但未来仍需克服技术挑战,以实现软智能物质的愿景。本综述调查了本质上多学科的科学体系,旨在通过活性机械超材料的创新来实现软智能物质,并提出正在进行的研究目标,这些目标可能会实现自主工程物质的承诺。
更新日期:2020-09-23
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