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The feasibility of assessing swell-based bathymetry using SAR imagery from orbiting satellites
ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ( IF 10.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.08.006
Xiaolin Bian , Yun Shao , Chunyan Zhang , Chou Xie , Wei Tian

Remote sensing instruments, especially synthetic aperture radar (SAR), have become valuable tools for monitoring coastal bathymetry in both space and time. In this study, we investigate the viability of using data from spaceborne SAR satellites to detect shallow water depths from swell patterns. Using data from four Sentinel-1A SAR images, we employed numerical simulations to quantify the sensitivity of the bathymetry results to different initial input parameters such as wavelength, swell period, and initial water depth. Our sensitivity experiments indicate that the swell period is most sensitive to the water depth, while the initial water depth has the lowest impact on the shallow water depth estimation. Once we quantified the sensitivity of the estimated water depth to these parameters, we calculated the minimum and maximum detectable shallow water depth ranges of six SAR orbiting satellites (L-band: ALOS-2, C-band: GF-3, RADARSAT-2 and Sentinel-1, X-band: TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed). Because of its single-polarization SAR data, the TerraSAR-X satellite is ultimately the best source of SAR data for swell-based bathymetry analyses. With an incidence angle of 20° and significant wave height of 0.6 m, the TerraSAR-X satellite has the largest theoretical depth detection range (with a minimum detectable depth of less than 2 m, and a maximum detectable depth of more than 200 m) for swell waves with a period of 15 s. The results of this study demonstrate that for low to moderate wave height, satellites with lower slant range to platform velocity ratios (RRV) can be successfully applied to the task of large-scale bathymetric mapping at shallow depths where there are weak tidal currents or where no recent or accurate ground truth data is available. Based on these results, we can make recommendations that will enable future users to get reliable, robust bathymetry information from their SAR data sets.



中文翻译:

利用来自轨道卫星的SAR图像评估基于膨胀的测深法的可行性

遥感仪器,特别是合成孔径雷达(SAR),已成为在空间和时间上监视海岸测深的有价值的工具。在这项研究中,我们调查了使用星载SAR卫星数据从膨胀模式检测浅水深度的可行性。利用来自四张Sentinel-1A SAR图像的数据,我们使用了数值模拟来量化测深结果对不同初始输入参数(例如波长,膨胀周期和初始水深)的敏感性。我们的敏感性实验表明,膨胀期对水深最敏感,而初始水深对浅水深度估计影响最小。一旦我们量化了估计水深对这些参数的敏感性,我们计算了六颗SAR轨道卫星(L波段:ALOS-2,C波段:GF-3,RADARSAT-2和Sentinel-1,X波段:TerraSAR-X和COSMO)的最小和最大可探测浅水深度范围-SkyMed)。由于其单极化SAR数据,TerraSAR-X卫星最终成为用于基于膨胀的测深分析的SAR数据的最佳来源。TerraSAR-X卫星的入射角为20°,有效波高为0.6 m,具有最大的理论深度检测范围(最小可检测深度小于2 m,最大可检测深度大于200 m)对于周期为15 s的浪涌。这项研究的结果表明,对于低至中等的波高,倾斜范围与平台速度之比较低的卫星 X波段的RADARSAT-2和Sentinel-1:TerraSAR-X和COSMO-SkyMed)。由于其单极化SAR数据,TerraSAR-X卫星最终成为用于基于膨胀的测深分析的SAR数据的最佳来源。TerraSAR-X卫星的入射角为20°,有效波高为0.6 m,具有最大的理论深度检测范围(最小可检测深度小于2 m,最大可检测深度大于200 m)对于周期为15 s的浪涌。这项研究的结果表明,对于低至中等的波高,倾斜范围与平台速度之比较低的卫星 X波段的RADARSAT-2和Sentinel-1:TerraSAR-X和COSMO-SkyMed)。由于其单极化SAR数据,TerraSAR-X卫星最终成为用于基于膨胀的测深分析的SAR数据的最佳来源。TerraSAR-X卫星的入射角为20°,有效波高为0.6 m,具有最大的理论深度检测范围(最小可检测深度小于2 m,最大可检测深度大于200 m)对于周期为15 s的浪涌。这项研究的结果表明,对于低至中等的波高,倾斜范围与平台速度之比较低的卫星 TerraSAR-X卫星的入射角为20°,有效波高为0.6 m,具有最大的理论深度检测范围(最小可检测深度小于2 m,最大可检测深度大于200 m)对于周期为15 s的浪涌。这项研究的结果表明,对于低至中等的波高,倾斜范围与平台速度之比较低的卫星 TerraSAR-X卫星的入射角为20°,有效波高为0.6 m,具有最大的理论深度检测范围(最小可检测深度小于2 m,最大可检测深度大于200 m)对于周期为15 s的浪涌。这项研究的结果表明,对于低至中等的波高,倾斜范围与平台速度之比较低的卫星[R房车可以成功应用于潮汐流弱或没有最新或准确的地面真实数据的浅层深度的大规模测深地图绘制任务。根据这些结果,我们可以提出建议,使将来的用户可以从其SAR数据集中获得可靠,可靠的测深信息。

更新日期:2020-08-18
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