Abstract Late Cenozoic landscape evolution in intracratonic basins represents an illustrative example of the interaction between surface processes, climate, lithologic and tectonics factors. Here, we model the transition from endorheic to exorheic conditions for the intracratonic Madrid Basin (Tagus Basin, Central Spain). During the Late Cenozoic, this basin appears to have been the result of a prolonged period of ~4.0 Ma of headward erosion by the Atlantic external drainage system, local erosion and climatic oscillations. Determining the timing of this transition is crucial to understanding the principal mechanisms of the transition course of the intracratonic basins in or associated with pop-up ridges. We present a detailed geomorphic map of the north of the Tertiary Madrid basin and new age determinations of well-preserved pediments, alluvial fans, alluvial plains and strath terraces. By combining cosmogenic ˡ0Be-26Al-21Ne with magnetostratigraphic data, the sediments associated with the last endorheic phase yield an age of ~6.4 Ma. The earliest exorheic alluvial levels of the Madrid Cenozoic basin, explained here as the first fluvial terraces, have been dated through cosmogenic nuclides depth profiles (ˡ0Be-26Al) at 2.42 Ma and 2.36 Ma respectively.

中文翻译：

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新生代马德里盆地（西班牙中部）上新世内流-外流流转

摘要 克拉通内盆地晚新生代景观演化是地表过程、气候、岩性和构造因素之间相互作用的一个例证。在这里，我们模拟了克拉通内马德里盆地（西班牙中部塔霍盆地）从内流到外流条件的转变。在晚新生代，该盆地似乎是大西洋外部排水系统长期约 4.0 Ma 的上游侵蚀、局部侵蚀和气候振荡的结果。确定这种转变的时间对于理解在弹出山脊中或与弹出山脊相关的克拉通内盆地转变过程的主要机制至关重要。我们展示了第三纪马德里盆地北部的详细地貌图和保存完好的山墙的新年代测定，冲积扇、冲积平原和地层阶地。通过将宇宙成因 ˡ0Be-26Al-21Ne 与磁地层数据相结合，与最后一个内流相相关的沉积物的年龄约为 6.4 Ma。马德里新生代盆地最早的外流冲积层，这里被解释为第一个河流阶地，已经通过分别在 2.42 Ma 和 2.36 Ma 的宇宙成因核素深度剖面 (ˡ0Be-26Al) 确定年代。