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Fruit heteromorphism and germination success in the perennial shrub Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae)
Flora ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.flora.2020.151686
Rocio Santos-Gally , Miriam Muñoz , Giovana Franco

Abstract Studies of fruit or seed heteromorphism (the presence of two or more fruit or seed morphs within an individual) provide valuable information about the influence of environmental variation on the evolution of reproductive strategies. Such heteromorphisms are more likely to be favoured by selection in annual species, because short-lived plants are in a disadvantaged position to gather information about environmental conditions their offspring are likely to face when they germinate, compared with perennial counterparts. Here, we describe fruit heteromorphism of Tithonia diversifolia, a perennial shrub found in habitats with contrasting environmental conditions. We tested whether fruit morphs differ in weight and germination success, and whether populations differed in fruit morph ratio. To do this, we first determined fruit morph ratio of three populations from contrasting ecosystems (evergreen high forest, evergreen medium forest and oak-pine forest), and compared germination success in a common-garden setting. In all populations, two fruit morphs were consistently distinguishable within the same capitulum. Although fruit morph ratios differed significantly across populations. Furthermore, fruit morphs differed in weight and germination success, but the direction of the difference was dependent on the population. These results suggest that fruit heteromorphism in the perennial T. diversifolia might represent distinct reproductive strategies allowing it to adapt to uncertain environmental conditions.

中文翻译:

多年生灌木 Tithonia diversifolia(菊科)的果实异型性和发芽成功

摘要 果实或种子异型性(个体体内存在两个或多个果实或种子形态)的研究提供了关于环境变化对生殖策略进化的影响的宝贵信息。这种异形性更有可能受到一年生物种选择的青睐,因为与多年生植物相比,寿命短的植物在收集有关其后代发芽时可能面临的环境条件的信息方面处于不利地位。在这里,我们描述了 Tithonia diversifolia 的果实异形性,这是一种在具有对比环境条件的栖息地中发现的多年生灌木。我们测试了果实变体在重量和发芽成功率方面是否不同,以及群体在果实变体比率方面是否不同。去做这个,我们首先确定了来自对比生态系统(常绿高林、常绿中林和橡松林)的三个种群的果实形态比,并比较了普通花园环境中的发芽成功率。在所有种群中,在同一个头状体中始终可以区分两种果实形态。尽管不同种群的果实变形率存在显着差异。此外,果实形态在重量和发芽成功率方面存在差异,但差异的方向取决于种群。这些结果表明多年生 T. diversifolia 的果实异形性可能代表了不同的繁殖策略,使其能够适应不确定的环境条件。并比较了普通花园环境中的发芽成功率。在所有种群中,在同一个头状体中始终可以区分两种果实形态。尽管不同种群的果实变形率存在显着差异。此外,果实形态在重量和发芽成功率方面存在差异,但差异的方向取决于种群。这些结果表明多年生 T. diversifolia 的果实异形性可能代表了不同的繁殖策略,使其能够适应不确定的环境条件。并比较了普通花园环境中的发芽成功率。在所有种群中,在同一个头状体中始终可以区分两种果实形态。尽管不同种群的果实变形率存在显着差异。此外,果实形态在重量和发芽成功率方面存在差异,但差异的方向取决于种群。这些结果表明多年生 T. diversifolia 的果实异形性可能代表了不同的繁殖策略,使其能够适应不确定的环境条件。但差异的方向取决于人口。这些结果表明多年生 T. diversifolia 的果实异形性可能代表了不同的繁殖策略,使其能够适应不确定的环境条件。但差异的方向取决于人口。这些结果表明多年生 T. diversifolia 的果实异形性可能代表了不同的繁殖策略,使其能够适应不确定的环境条件。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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