Abstract Energy systems are dynamic and transitional because of alternative energy resources, technological innovations, demand, costs, and environmental consequences. The fossil fuels are the sources of traditional energy generation but has been gradually transitioned to the current innovative technologies with an emphasis on renewable resources like solar, and wind. Despite consistent increases in energy prices, the customers’ demands are escalating rapidly due to an increase in populations, economic development, per capita consumption, supply at remote places, and in static forms for machines and portable devices. The energy storage may allow flexible generation and delivery of stable electricity for meeting demands of customers. The requirements for energy storage will become triple of the present values by 2030 for which very special devices and systems are required. The objective of the current review research is to compare and evaluate the devices and systems presently in use and anticipated for the future. The economic and environmental issues as well as challenges and limitations have been elaborated through deep and strong consultation of literature, previous research, reports and journal. The technologies like flow batteries, super capacitors, SMES (Superconducting magnetic energy storage), FES (Flywheel Energy Storage), PHS (Pumped hydro storage), TES (Thermal Energy Storage), CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage), and HES (Hybrid energy storage) have been discussed. This article may contribute to guide the decision-makers and the practitioners if they want to select the most recent and innovative devices and systems of energy storage for their grids and other associated uses like machines and portable devices. The characteristics, advantages, limitations, costs, and environmental considerations have been compared with the help of tables and demonstrations to ease their final decision and managing the emerging issues. Thus, the outcomes of this review study may prove highly useful for various stakeholders of the energy sector.

中文翻译：

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回顾储能服务、应用、限制和好处

摘要 由于替代能源、技术创新、需求、成本和环境后果，能源系统是动态的和过渡的。化石燃料是传统能源发电的来源，但已逐渐过渡到当前的创新技术，重点是太阳能和风能等可再生资源。尽管能源价格持续上涨，但由于人口增长、经济发展、人均消费、偏远地区供应以及机器和便携式设备的静态形式，客户的需求正在迅速升级。储能可以允许灵活地产生和输送稳定的电力以满足客户的需求。到 2030 年，对储能的需求将是当前值的三倍，需要非常特殊的设备和系统。当前审查研究的目的是比较和评估目前使用的设备和系统以及未来预期的设备和系统。通过对文献、以前的研究、报告和期刊的深入和强有力的咨询，已经详细阐述了经济和环境问题以及挑战和限制。液流电池、超级电容器、SMES（超导磁储能）、FES（飞轮储能）、PHS（抽水蓄能）、TES（热能储能）、CAES（压缩空气储能）和HES（混合动力储能）等技术能量存储）进行了讨论。如果决策者和从业者想为其电网和其他相关用途（如机器和便携式设备）选择最新和创新的储能设备和系统，本文可能有助于指导他们。已经借助表格和演示对特征、优势、局限性、成本和环境考虑因素进行了比较，以简化他们的最终决定并管理新出现的问题。因此，这项审查研究的结果可能证明对能源部门的各个利益相关者非常有用。和环境方面的考虑已经在表格和演示的帮助下进行了比较，以简化他们的最终决定并管理新出现的问题。因此，这项审查研究的结果可能证明对能源部门的各个利益相关者非常有用。和环境方面的考虑已经在表格和演示的帮助下进行了比较，以简化他们的最终决定并管理新出现的问题。因此，这项审查研究的结果可能证明对能源部门的各个利益相关者非常有用。