Cancer is the leading cause of deaths worldwide, though significant advances have occurred in its diagnosis and treatment. The development of resistance against chemotherapeutic agents, their side effects, and non-specific toxicity urge to screen for the novel anticancer agent. Hence, the development of novel anticancer agents with a new mechanism of action has become a major scientific challenge. Bacteria and bacterially produced bioactive compounds have recently emerged as a promising alternative for cancer therapeutics. Bacterial anticancer agents such as antibiotics, bacteriocins, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides, toxins, etc. These are adopted different mechanisms of actions such as apoptosis, necrosis, reduced angiogenesis, inhibition of translation and splicing, and obstructing essential signaling pathways to kill cancer cells. Also, live tumor-targeting bacteria provided a unique therapeutic alternative for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the anticancer properties and mechanism of actions of the anticancer agents of bacterial origin and antitumor bacteria along with their possible future applications in cancer therapeutics.

癌症是全球死亡的主要原因，尽管其诊断和治疗已取得重大进展。对化学治疗剂的抗药性，它们的副作用以及非特异性毒性的发展促使人们筛选新型抗癌剂。因此，开发具有新作用机理的新型抗癌药已成为一项重大的科学挑战。细菌和细菌生产的生物活性化合物最近已经出现，成为癌症治疗方法的有希望的替代品。细菌抗癌剂，例如抗生素，细菌素，非核糖体肽，聚酮化合物，毒素等。它们被采用不同的作用机制，例如凋亡，坏死，减少血管生成，抑制翻译和剪接以及阻碍重要的信号通路杀死癌症。细胞。也，靶向肿瘤的活细菌为癌症治疗提供了独特的治疗选择。这篇综述总结了细菌起源的抗癌剂和抗肿瘤细菌的抗癌特性和作用机理，以及它们在癌症治疗中可能的未来应用。