Abstract

Cellulose, which is easily attainable in nature, has been studied due to its biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, adjustable biomechanical properties and cost effectiveness as a biomaterial. Recently, plant-derived cellulose-based biomaterials were given attention for numerous applications including bone, cartilage and cardiac tissue engineering. In this study, leek (Allium porrum) was chosen as a plant tissue model for the fabrication of a potential biomaterial due to its structural morphology (interconnected and elongated channel like structural morphology). Leek tissues were decellularized by a detergent solution. The degree of residual cell content was evaluated by DNA and protein quantification as well as immunostaining. Chemical and mechanical properties were tested for both native and decellularized leek samples in order to investigate the effect of decellularization on the structure. Swelling, degradation and protein adsorption behavior of decellularized leek samples were also studied. In order to enhance cell adhesion, decellularized leek samples were modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, octadecyltrichlorosilane and coated with graphene oxide prior to cell seeding. SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were used for mammalian cell culture studies. MTT cell viability assay and SEM imaging were performed to observe the cell adhesion and morphology. Decellularized leek tissues are expected to be cellulose based biomaterial for candidate biomedical applications both in vitro and in vivo in future studies.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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韭菜的脱细胞和表征：一种潜在的基于纤维素的生物材料

摘要

由于其生物相容性，低细胞毒性，可调节的生物力学性能以及作为生物材料的成本效益，已经对自然界中容易获得的纤维素进行了研究。近来，基于植物的纤维素基生物材料在包括骨骼，软骨和心脏组织工程在内的许多应用中受到关注。在本研究中，韭菜（葱属由于其结构形态（互连的和细长的通道（如结构形态））被选作制造潜在生物材料的植物组织模型。韭菜组织用去污剂溶液脱细胞。通过DNA和蛋白质定量以及免疫染色评估残余细胞含量的程度。测试了天然和脱细胞韭葱样品的化学和机械性能，以研究脱细胞对结构的影响。还研究了去细胞韭菜样品的溶胀，降解和蛋白质吸附行为。为了增强细胞粘附力，将脱细胞的韭菜样品用3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷，十八烷基三氯硅烷改性，并在细胞接种前用氧化石墨烯覆盖。SH-SY5Y人成神经细胞瘤细胞用于哺乳动物细胞培养研究。进行MTT细胞活力测定和SEM成像以观察细胞粘附和形态。在未来的研究中，脱细胞的韭菜组织有望成为用于体外和体内候选生物医学应用的纤维素基生物材料。

图形摘要