Sodium nitrite is used as a preservative in food products to stabilize color and reduce rancidity. Its absorption into the body causes many diseases. Ellagic acid is a natural polyphenol that contains powerful antioxidants, but it is taken as a poorly absorbed food. Therefore, chitosan-coated nanoparticles (EANP@CS) were loaded to enhance their bioactivity and bioavailability after oral administration. EANP@CS was administrated in rats given water containing sodium nitrite to reduce toxins. Ellagic acid was extracted from pomegranate and manufactured EANP@CS. EANP@CS was identified by FT-IR, UV, X-ray diffraction and TEM. Average EANP@CS size ranges from 20–62 nm. Rats were divided into five groups: normal, treated using EANP@CS; rats were receiving nitrite for 8 weeks, and the last two groups were treated with EANP@CS. Serum and liver NO, MDA, and DNA fragmentation were reduced. Liver thiol and GSH levels, and Gpx, catalase and GST activities increased in rats treated with EANP@CS rats compared to rats drinking nitrites. Liver NOS activity was reduced 7 and 4.9 times in rats treated with EANP@CS during or after discontinuation of nitrite administration, respectively. Liver arginase activity was raised in rats that drink nitrite or were treated using EANP@CS. Inflammatory infiltrations of the liver, kidney, and spleen were observed in the tissues of rats that received nitrites and improved when the rats were given EANP@CS. EANP@CS improved oral bioavailability and reduce the risk of sodium nitrite in rats. EANP@CS can be used as a therapeutic goal to detoxify any unwanted toxic substance in food.

中文翻译：

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鞣花酸纳米颗粒对亚硝酸钠中毒大鼠的排毒和抗氧化作用

亚硝酸钠在食品中用作防腐剂，以稳定颜色并减少酸败。它吸收到体内会引起许多疾病。鞣花酸是一种天然的多酚，含有强大的抗氧化剂，但被视为吸收不良的食物。因此，在口服给药后，负载了脱乙酰壳多糖的纳米颗粒（EANP @ CS）可以增强其生物活性和生物利用度。在给大鼠服用含亚硝酸钠的水中以减少毒素的方式施用EANP @ CS。从石榴中提取鞣花酸并制成EANP @ CS。EANP @ CS是通过FT-IR，UV，X射线衍射和TEM鉴定的。EANP @ CS的平均大小为20-62 nm。将大鼠分为五组：正常，使用EANP @ CS治疗；正常，正常。大鼠接受亚硝酸盐治疗8周，最后两组用EANP @ CS治疗。血清和肝脏NO，MDA，和DNA碎片减少。与喝亚硝酸盐的大鼠相比，用EANP @ CS大鼠治疗的大鼠肝脏硫醇和GSH水平以及Gpx，过氧化氢酶和GST活性增加。在停止亚硝酸盐施用期间或之后，用EANP @ CS处理的大鼠肝脏NOS活性分别降低了7倍和4.9倍。喝亚硝酸盐或使用EANP @ CS治疗的大鼠肝精氨酸酶活性升高。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到肝，肾和脾的炎性浸润，并在给予EANP @ CS时有所改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。与喝亚硝酸盐的大鼠相比，用EANP @ CS大鼠治疗的大鼠中过氧化氢酶和GST活性增加。在停止亚硝酸盐施用期间或之后，用EANP @ CS处理的大鼠肝脏NOS活性分别降低了7倍和4.9倍。喝亚硝酸盐或使用EANP @ CS治疗的大鼠肝精氨酸酶活性升高。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到肝，肾和脾的炎性浸润，并在给予EANP @ CS时有所改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。与喝亚硝酸盐的大鼠相比，用EANP @ CS大鼠治疗的大鼠中过氧化氢酶和GST活性增加。在停止亚硝酸盐施用期间或之后，用EANP @ CS处理的大鼠肝脏NOS活性分别降低了7倍和4.9倍。喝亚硝酸盐或使用EANP @ CS治疗的大鼠肝精氨酸酶活性升高。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到肝，肾和脾的炎性浸润，并在给予EANP @ CS时有所改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。在停止亚硝酸盐施用期间或之后，分别用EANP @ CS处理的大鼠中的9次。喝亚硝酸盐或使用EANP @ CS治疗的大鼠肝精氨酸酶活性升高。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到肝脏，肾脏和脾脏的炎性浸润，并在给予EANP @ CS时有所改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。在停止亚硝酸盐施用期间或之后，分别用EANP @ CS处理的大鼠中有9次。喝亚硝酸盐或使用EANP @ CS治疗的大鼠肝精氨酸酶活性升高。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到肝，肾和脾的炎性浸润，并在给予EANP @ CS时有所改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到脾脏和脾脏，并给予EANP @ CS改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。在接受亚硝酸盐的大鼠组织中观察到脾脏和脾脏，并给予EANP @ CS改善。EANP @ CS改善了口服生物利用度，并降低了大鼠亚硝酸钠的风险。EANP @ CS可以用作治疗目标，对食物中的任何有害有毒物质进行排毒。