Contact bounce is a common phenomenon in the closing process of the electromagnetic relay under capacitive loads. The investigations on the contact characteristics are mainly conducted by experimental methods. However, the experimental method is extremely complicated and time-consuming in structural design, and it cannot clearly reveal the mechanism of contact bounce. Therefore, a new theoretical model is proposed to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the electromagnetic relay under capacitive loads. The model allows for simulating dynamic process and collecting bounce parameters in a simple and effective way compared with conventional simulation and experimental methods. The physical mechanism of contact bounce for the electromagnetic relay is presented. The nonlinear contact force between the fixed and moving contacts is evaluated according to the Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic contact model. The equations of motion considering the coupling of electromagnetic and mechanical fields are established. The theoretical results obtained in this study are validated by comparison with experimental data. The influences of the structural parameters, coil current, surge current, and contact resistance on the contact bounce are analyzed. The numerical results well demonstrate that the contact bounce can be effectively weakened by adjusting the parameters of contact spring and the mass of the moving contact.

中文翻译：

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研究电容性负载下电磁继电器合闸弹跳特性的新理论模型

接触反弹是电容性负载下电磁继电器闭合过程中的常见现象。接触特性的研究主要通过实验方法进行。然而，该实验方法在结构设计中极其复杂且费时，并且不能清楚地揭示接触反弹的机理。因此，提出了一种新的理论模型来研究电容负载下电磁继电器的动态特性。与传统的仿真和实验方法相比，该模型允许以简单有效的方式模拟动态过程并收集反弹参数。介绍了电磁继电器触点弹跳的物理机理。固定触点和移动触点之间的非线性接触力根据开尔文-沃格特粘弹性接触模型进行评估。建立了考虑电磁场和机械场耦合的运动方程。通过与实验数据进行比较，验证了本研究中获得的理论结果。分析了结构参数，线圈电流，浪涌电流和接触电阻对触点弹跳的影响。数值结果很好地表明，通过调整接触弹簧的参数和动触头的质量，可以有效地减弱触头的弹跳。通过与实验数据进行比较，验证了本研究中获得的理论结果。分析了结构参数，线圈电流，浪涌电流和接触电阻对触点弹跳的影响。数值结果很好地表明，通过调整接触弹簧的参数和动触头的质量，可以有效地减弱触头的弹跳。通过与实验数据进行比较，验证了本研究中获得的理论结果。分析了结构参数，线圈电流，浪涌电流和接触电阻对触点弹跳的影响。数值结果很好地表明，通过调整接触弹簧的参数和动触头的质量，可以有效地减弱触头的弹跳。