lntracellular calcium ion is the key secondary messenger system of the cellular processes in airway smooth muscle cells(ASMc). The treatment and regulation of Ca²⁺ in airway smooth muscle (ASM) is, in part, to associated with many airway diseases such as asthma, COPD and pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism of contraction and relaxation of ASM is a concerned aspect in airway diseases. This review emphasizes established and recent discoveries whice show the research progress of Ca²⁺ on cell contraction and relaxation in ASM in recent years, to provide theoretical support and new targets for clinical prevention and treatment of perioperative bronchospasm and variousrespiratory related diseases.

细胞内钙离子是气道平滑肌细胞（ASMc）细胞过程的关键次级信使系统。Ca ²⁺在气道平滑肌（ASM）中的治疗和调节部分与许多气道疾病有关，例如哮喘，COPD和肺纤维化。ASM的收缩和放松机制是气道疾病的一个重要方面。这篇综述着重于既有的和最近的发现，以显示Ca ²⁺在近年来对ASM中细胞收缩和松弛的研究进展，为围手术期支气管痉挛和各种呼吸系统相关疾病的临床预防和治疗提供理论支持和新的目标。