Shipments of Bakken crude oil by rail have increased in concert with the production of unconventional crude oil in the Williston Basin over the past 10 years, during which time multiple fiery train derailments resulted in tragic loss of life and/or environmental impacts. In this study the compositions of Bakken oil burn residues from a derailment fire(s) are compared to fresh and laboratory-evaporated Bakken crude oil. The absolute and hopane-normalized concentrations of n-alkanes, unsubstituted and substituted PAHs, and petroleum biomarkers and their percent depletions and enrichments (relative to hopane) are reported. Bakken oil burn residues lost 67–78% of their total chromatographable mass (C₅ to C₄₄) and exhibit chemical trends distinct from naturally-evaporated oil, including (1) the shape of their UCM profiles, (2) depletion of n-alkanes up to (at least) n-C₃₀, (3) enrichment of priority pollutant (pyrogenic) PAHs, specifically favoring PAH isomers containing three or more linear aromatic rings (anthracene or benz[a]anthracene) or 5-member rings (fluoranthene or indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene), and (4) depletion of some lower boiling petroleum biomarkers (C₂₃-C₂₅ tricyclic terpanes). Despite relative enrichment of most priority pollutant PAHs the absolute concentrations of both total PAH (TPAH₅₀) and priority pollutant PAH (PPAH₁₆) in the burn residues were depleted 69–78% and 41–48%, respectively, compared to fresh Bakken oil. These results demonstrate the changes and range of compositions among fresh, evaporated, and variably-combusted residues of Bakken crude oil, the latter of which are important in assessing the potential effect(s) of burn residues on the environment proximal to train derailment fires.

过去10年中，铁路Bakken原油的运输与Williston盆地非常规原油的生产同步增长，在此期间，多次火热的火车脱轨导致了生命和/或环境影响的悲剧性损失。在这项研究中，将脱轨火中的巴肯油燃烧残渣的成分与新鲜的和实验室蒸发的巴肯原油进行了比较。报告了正构烷烃，未取代和取代的PAH和石油生物标志物的绝对和hop烷标准化浓度，以及它们的耗竭和富集百分比（相对于hop烷）。Bakken油烧伤残留物损失了其总色谱质量的67–78％（C ₅至C ₄₄）并显示出与自然蒸发油不同的化学趋势，包括（1）其UCM曲线的形状，（2）消耗正碳烷烃至（至少）n -C ₃₀，（3）富集优先污染物（热解）PAHs，特别有利于含有三个或更多线性芳环（蒽或苯并[ a ]蒽）或5元环（荧蒽或茚并[ 1,2,3-c，d ] py）的PAH异构体，和（4 ）消耗了一些较低沸点的石油生物标志物（C ₂₃ -C ₂₅三环萜烯）。尽管大多数优先污染物PAH相对富集，总PAH（TPAH ₅₀）和优先污染物PAH（PPAH）的绝对浓度与新鲜的Bakken油相比，燃烧残渣中的₁₆）分别减少了69-78％和41-48％。这些结果证明了Bakken原油的新鲜，蒸发和可变燃烧残渣之间组成的变化和范围，后者对于评估燃烧残渣对火车脱轨火灾附近环境的潜在影响很重要。