Defect engineering has been the most promising strategy to modulate the surface microstructure and electronic structure of the metal oxides, which will govern the efficiency of a given oxide for the applications in heterogeneous catalysis, energy storage and conversion fields, and gas sensing. This review summarizes recent research advances on understanding the role of oxygen vacancies of the metal oxides in gas sensing. First, different strategies for oxygen vacancy productions are summarized and compared. Then, the proper characterization techniques for oxygen vacancy are introduced. Importantly, the structure‐activity relationships between vacancy engineering and gas sensing ability are further illustrated coupling the experimental results and theoretical studies. Finally, the key challenges and prospects regarding defect engineering in gas sensing are highlighted.

中文翻译：

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纳米结构金属氧化物气体传感器中的氧气缺陷：最新进展和挑战†

缺陷工程是调节金属氧化物的表面微观结构和电子结构的最有前途的策略，它将控制给定氧化物在多相催化，能量存储和转化领域以及气体传感中的应用效率。这篇综述总结了关于了解金属氧化物中氧空位在气体传感中的作用的最新研究进展。首先，总结并比较了产生氧气空位的不同策略。然后，介绍了氧空位的适当表征技术。重要的是，结合实验结果和理论研究，进一步说明了空缺工程与气体传感能力之间的构效关系。最后，