Biodiversity loss underlies the dilution effect of biodiversity.,Ecology Letters

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Biodiversity loss underlies the dilution effect of biodiversity.
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.13590
Fletcher W Halliday ₁ , Jason R Rohr ₂ , Anna-Liisa Laine _{1,

3}

Affiliation

The dilution effect predicts increasing biodiversity to reduce the risk of infection, but the generality of this effect remains unresolved. Because biodiversity loss generates predictable changes in host community competence, we hypothesised that biodiversity loss might drive the dilution effect. We tested this hypothesis by reanalysing four previously published meta‐analyses that came to contradictory conclusions regarding generality of the dilution effect. In the context of biodiversity loss, our analyses revealed a unifying pattern: dilution effects were inconsistently observed for natural biodiversity gradients, but were commonly observed for biodiversity gradients generated by disturbances causing losses of biodiversity. Incorporating biodiversity loss into tests of generality of the dilution effect further indicated that scale‐dependency may strengthen the dilution effect only when biodiversity gradients are driven by biodiversity loss. Together, these results help to resolve one of the most contentious issues in disease ecology: the generality of the dilution effect.

中文翻译：

生物多样性丧失是生物多样性稀释效应的基础。

稀释效应预测生物多样性会增加，从而降低感染风险，但这种效应的普遍性仍未得到解决。由于生物多样性丧失会导致宿主社区能力发生可预测的变化，因此我们假设生物多样性丧失可能会导致稀释效应。我们通过重新分析之前发表的四项荟萃分析来检验这一假设，这些分析得出了关于稀释效应普遍性的相互矛盾的结论。在生物多样性丧失的背景下，我们的分析揭示了一个统一的模式：对自然生物多样性梯度观察到的稀释效应不一致，但对导致生物多样性丧失的干扰产生的生物多样性梯度普遍观察到稀释效应。将生物多样性丧失纳入稀释效应普遍性检验进一步表明，只有当生物多样性梯度由生物多样性丧失驱动时，规模依赖性才可能加强稀释效应。总之，这些结果有助于解决疾病生态学中最具争议的问题之一：稀释效应的普遍性。

更新日期：2020-10-19

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