Three-dimensional (3D) printers are widely used in rapid prototyping and mass customization. However, capacity planning for 3D printers is challenging because 3D printers are usually not dedicated, and estimating the demand for their capacity is not easy. To overcome this problem, in this study, a consistent-decomposition (CD) fuzzy-analytic-hierarchy-process (FAHP) approach is proposed. This approach extracts the various viewpoints of a capacity planner by decomposing his or her fuzzy judgment matrix into several fuzzy subjudgment matrices. On the basis of each fuzzy subjudgment matrix, the performances of various 3D printers are assessed and compared. The best-performing 3D printer from each viewpoint is chosen. The proposed methodology has been applied to a real-world case in which a diverse set of 3D printers was acquired by a manufacturer. The proposed methodology returned a diverse set of optimal 3D printers, whereas a competing set chosen using any existing method lacked diversity. In addition, a decision maker who applied the proposed methodology did not need to specify different requirements for various types of 3D printers.

三维（3D）打印机广泛用于快速原型制作和批量定制。但是，由于3D打印机通常不是专用的，因此估计3D打印机的容量需求并不容易，这对3D打印机的容量规划提出了挑战。为了克服这个问题，在本研究中，提出了一种一致分解（CD）模糊分析层次过程（FAHP）方法。该方法通过将容量规划人员的模糊判断矩阵分解为几个模糊判断矩阵来提取其能力的各种观点。基于每个模糊判断矩阵，评估并比较各种3D打印机的性能。从各个角度选择性能最佳的3D打印机。所提出的方法已应用于现实情况，制造商购买了各种3D打印机。所提出的方法返回了一组最佳的3D打印机，而使用任何现有方法选择的一组竞争产品都缺乏多样性。另外，应用建议的方法的决策者无需为各种类型的3D打印机指定不同的要求。