Hydrogen can be transported over long distances when stored in Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC). This transport is possible under the following conversion steps: first, hydrogen is stored inside a LOHC molecule (exothermic hydrogenation) at the starting point of the provision chain. Then, the loaded LOHC can be stored and transported. At the point of consumption, hydrogen is released (endothermic de-hydrogenation) and the unloaded LOHC returns to the point of hydrogen production. The optimal LOHC for transport should be liquid at ambient conditions and show similar properties to crude oil-based liquids (e.g., diesel, gasoline). This allows for a stepwise implementation using the existing crude oil-based infrastructure. However, there is a large variety of different LOHCs and other competing transport options; e.g., the transport of compressed hydrogen gas in pipelines or the transport of liquefied hydrogen in tanker ships. Against this background, this paper investigates the energy consumption and costs of these different hydrogen transport options. Therefore, the production of hydrogen is considered in areas with favorable renewable energy sources, followed by international transport logistics, and a local distribution in Germany. The assessment shows that the distance and the way heat is supplied to de-hydrogenate the LOHCs - especially for methanol - define the cost performance compared to a transport of compressed or liquid hydrogen. If the heat needed for dehydrogenation is covered by waste heat, dibenzyltoluene (DBT) or toluene can show benefits in terms of efficiency and costs. Furthermore, the different transport systems have different specific niches in which they are competitive; i.e., no specific transportation chain is superior to all systems under all circumstances. Nevertheless, the assessment shows that long-distance transport favors LOHC, while short-distance transport via pipelines can be used for lower costs.

将氢存储在液态有机氢载体（LOHC）中时，可以远距离运输。可以通过以下转换步骤进行这种运输：首先，氢在供应链的起点存储在LOHC分子内部（放热氢化）。然后，可以存储和运输装载的LOHC。在消耗点，氢被释放（吸热脱氢），空载的LOHC返回到制氢点。运输的最佳LOHC在环境条件下应为液体，并应显示与原油基液体（例如，柴油，汽油）相似的特性。这允许使用现有的基于原油的基础设施逐步实施。但是，存在多种不同的LOHC和其他竞争性运输选择；例如，管道中压缩氢气的运输或液货船中液化氢的运输。在此背景下，本文研究了这些不同的氢气运输方案的能耗和成本。因此，考虑在具有良好可再生能源的地区生产氢，其次是国际运输物流以及在德国的本地分销。评估表明，与LOHC脱氢的距离和供热方式（尤其是甲醇）相比，其成本效益与压缩氢或液态氢的运输相比有所提高。如果脱氢所需的热量被废热覆盖，则二苄基甲苯（DBT）或甲苯在效率和成本方面都会显示出优势。此外，不同的运输系统具有不同的竞争优势；即，在任何情况下，没有特定的运输链优于所有系统。然而，评估表明，长途运输有利于LOHC，而通过管道的短途运输可降低成本。