Abstract We review briefly the origin of gauge physics as well as their modern manifestations e.g. in Yang–Mills, Aharonov–Bohm, Aharonov–Casher, and the Berry–Pancharatnam effects. Yang–Mills has its origin in the high energy physics, and has since been widely studied in condensed matter and atomic physics. Recently research in spin–orbit coupling is increasingly being cast in the light of Yang–Mills, leading to new approaches in the study of quantum transport in nanoscale settings like the 2D-graphene and semiconductor nanostructures. It is important to note that this paper will not review non-Abelian physics in condensed matter systems like superfluid, Mott insulators, and atomic quantum gases. The main coverage of this paper would be the non-Abelian, Yang–Mills-inspired gauge physics in fields that straddle condensed matter and quantum spin transport – a technologically relevant field of research also known as the spintronics. Our perspectives are the force and phase physics and their connection with well-known spintronic and magnetic phenomena. The force physics of the spintronic gauge, e.g. the spin Hall, spin jitter motion, quantum spin Hall, and spin torque is discussed. The other important aspect of the gauge field, i.e. its phase physics would be discussed in the context of spin interference and the persistent spin helix.

中文翻译：

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自旋电子学中的杨-米尔斯物理学

摘要 我们简要回顾了规范物理学的起源及其现代表现形式，例如在 Yang-Mills、Aharonov-Bohm、Aharonov-Casher 和 Berry-Pancharatnam 效应中的表现。Yang-Mills 起源于高能物理学，此后在凝聚态物理和原子物理学中得到了广泛的研究。最近，Yang-Mills 越来越多地对自旋轨道耦合进行研究，从而为研究纳米级环境中的量子传输（如 2D 石墨烯和半导体纳米结构）提供了新方法。需要注意的是，本文不会回顾超流体、莫特绝缘体和原子量子气体等凝聚态系统中的非阿贝尔物理学。本文的主要报道将是非阿贝尔的，Yang–Mills 启发了跨越凝聚态物质和量子自旋输运领域的规范物理学——一个与技术相关的研究领域，也被称为自旋电子学。我们的观点是力和相物理学及其与众所周知的自旋电子学和磁现象的联系。讨论了自旋电子规的力物理学，例如自旋霍尔、自旋抖动运动、量子自旋霍尔和自旋扭矩。规范场的另一个重要方面，即它的相位物理将在自旋干涉和持久自旋螺旋的背景下讨论。讨论了自旋抖动运动、量子自旋霍尔和自旋扭矩。规范场的另一个重要方面，即它的相位物理将在自旋干涉和持久自旋螺旋的背景下讨论。讨论了自旋抖动运动、量子自旋霍尔和自旋扭矩。规范场的另一个重要方面，即它的相位物理将在自旋干涉和持久自旋螺旋的背景下讨论。