The present study focuses on a model for three-dimensional bone remodeling of the human femur that considers cellular dynamics to determine the volume fraction of new bone. The model considers the interaction among responsive osteoblasts, active osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, as well as signaling molecules and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The stimulus of the model has a systemic origin due to the PTH effect, and a local origin due to the action of cytokines, growth factors, and mechanical stimuli near the site of the bone cells. The present work considers that the mechanical stimulus that activates cellular activity is obtained from stresses acting on the bone tissue and the number of daily loading cycles. In addition to simulating the bone modeling process in an intact femur, the numerical model is used to simulate bone adaptation in relation to the stress shielding phenomenon after the implantation of a femoral prosthesis. The results showed that the simulations provide a distribution of bone density that is similar to a radiograph and, in addition, allows the visualization of osteoblast and osteoclast dynamics in bone adaptation response after prosthesis implantation.

本研究侧重于人类股骨三维骨重建模型，该模型考虑细胞动力学来确定新骨的体积分数。该模型考虑了反应性成骨细胞、活性成骨细胞和破骨细胞之间的相互作用，以及信号分子和甲状旁腺激素 (PTH) 之间的相互作用。由于 PTH 效应，模型的刺激具有全身性起源，而由于细胞因子、生长因子和骨细胞部位附近的机械刺激的作用而具有局部起源。目前的工作认为，激活细胞活动的机械刺激是从作用于骨组织的应力和每日加载循环次数中获得的。除了模拟完整股骨的骨骼建模过程，该数值模型用于模拟与股骨假体植入后应力屏蔽现象相关的骨适应。结果表明，模拟提供了类似于 X 光片的骨密度分布，此外，还可以显示假体植入后骨适应反应中的成骨细胞和破骨细胞动力学。