Abstract This study examines the transport decoupling pathways of the 16 selected countries from 1990 to 2015. Transport carbon emissions (i.e. decarbonisation) and road traffic fatalities (i.e. defatalisation) have been chosen as proxies of environmental and social decoupling respectively. Real GNI in purchasing power parity (based to 2011) is used to reflect the decoupling experience. To frame the transport decoupling pathways, we have applied three decision rules and assigned rankings to the eight decoupling categories identified for richer and poorer countries. Each country has five data points for the ranking (five time periods in the 25-year horizon), meaning that a total of 80 data points have been identified and mapped. Four types of decoupling pathways are derived: Improving, Stable 1, Stable 2 and Unstable. Decoupling policies have then been extracted and analysed to identify the different approaches used in each pathway type. The results show that (i) there is no single pathway to transport decoupling, meaning that a wide range of policies have been adopted by individual countries, (ii) most pathways belong to the ‘Stable’ categories with mild fluctuations in the ranks over time and (iii) defatalisation is more successful than decarbonisation in achieving absolute decoupling. The value of this paper is in its novel methodology that has been used to identify the different pathways for decoupling, its application to 16 key countries, and the use of a database that extends over 5 time periods. It makes a clear contribution to our understanding of the complexity of decoupling, the different pathways adopted, and the difficulties of achieving substantial reductions in transport carbon emissions and traffic fatalities.

中文翻译：

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运输脱钩的最新经验和不同途径

摘要 本研究考察了 16 个选定国家从 1990 年到 2015 年的交通脱钩路径。交通碳排放（即脱碳）和道路交通死亡人数（即脱脂）分别被选为环境和社会脱钩的代表。购买力平价中的实际国民总收入（基于 2011 年）用于反映脱钩经验。为了构建交通脱钩路径，我们应用了三个决策规则，并为富裕国家和贫穷国家确定的八个脱钩类别分配了排名。每个国家都有五个用于排名的数据点（25 年范围内的五个时间段），这意味着总共确定并绘制了 80 个数据点。衍生出四种类型的解耦途径：改善、稳定 1、稳定 2 和不稳定。然后提取并分析解耦策略，以确定在每种途径类型中使用的不同方法。结果表明，(i) 没有单一的交通脱钩途径，这意味着个别国家采取了广泛的政策，(ii) 大多数途径属于“稳定”类别，随着时间的推移，排名略有波动(iii) 在实现绝对脱钩方面，去脂化比脱碳更成功。本文的价值在于其新颖的方法论已被用于确定脱钩的不同途径、将其应用于 16 个关键国家，以及使用了超过 5 个时间段的数据库。它对我们理解脱钩的复杂性、采用的不同途径、