Abstract The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system can effectively recover the waste heat energy of the engine, but its performance is substantially affected by the operating conditions of the engine. The road conditions control the operating conditions of the engine, which determine the amount of waste heat energy of the engine and the performance of the ORC system. Therefore, the energy recovery efficiency of the ORC system in a vehicle engine under different road conditions must be studied. This study establishes a vehicle model including engine, ORC system, power transmission system, and control system, and verifies the accuracy of the engine and ORC system. The vehicle model is used to simulate and analyze the operating characteristics and energy recovery efficiency of the engine and ORC system under New York City Cycle (NYCC) and motorway of Common Artemis Driving Cycles (CADC) road conditions. Results show that the exhaust energy is low and fluctuates frequently under NYCC road condition, ranging from 5.45 kW to 24.28 kW, with an average exhaust energy of 10.4 kW and an average energy recovery efficiency of 1.43%. The exhaust energy is high and fluctuates slightly under motorway of CADC road condition, ranging from 5 kW to 44.5 kW, with an average exhaust energy of 26.9 kW and an average energy recovery efficiency of 5.50%. Therefore, the ORC waste heat recovery system is more suitable for motorway road conditions with high, stable vehicle velocity, while the urban road conditions with low or fluctuant vehicle velocity must be avoided as much as possible.

中文翻译：

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不同路况下汽车发动机有机朗肯循环系统能量回收效率分析

摘要 有机朗肯循环(ORC)系统可以有效回收发动机的废热能，但其性能受发动机工况影响较大。路况控制着发动机的运行状况，决定了发动机的废热能多少以及ORC系统的性能。因此，必须研究不同路况下车辆发动机中ORC系统的能量回收效率。本研究建立了包括发动机、ORC系统、动力传动系统和控制系统在内的车辆模型，并验证了发动机和ORC系统的准确性。车辆模型用于模拟分析发动机和ORC系统在纽约市循环（NYCC）和高速公路Common Artemis Driving Cycles（CADC）路况下的运行特性和能量回收效率。结果表明，NYCC路况下排气能量低且波动频繁，范围为5.45 kW至24.28 kW，平均排气能量为10.4 kW，平均能量回收效率为1.43%。在CADC路况的高速公路下，排气能量高，波动小，从5kW到44.5kW不等，平均排气能量26.9kW，平均能量回收效率5.50%。因此，ORC余热回收系统更适用于车速高、稳定的高速公路路况，