Abstract Exotic pine trees are often introduced to novel places worldwide. How exotic pines interact with local microbial communities, such as symbiotic ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, during early establishment compared to interactions by their native counterparts remains to be examined in detail. In this study, native masson pine (Pinus massoniana) and exotic slash pine (Pinus elliottii) seedlings were grown in field-collected soil cores. ECM root tips were collected 3- and 6-months after planting and fungi were identified using high-throughput sequencing. We found that host identity was a key factor determining ECM fungal community assembly after 3-months: native pines associated with Rhizopogon while exotic pines associated primarily with ECM generalists. After 6-months growth, however, ECM fungal communities in native and exotic pines were both dominated by Rhizopogon species. We also found that host selections of several pioneer ECM fungi shared by both native and exotic pines may facilitate an exotic pine's establishment. These findings indicate that more attention should be paid to ECM fungal community shuffling by exotic trees during early establishment and, in turn, the influence of the potential changes in ECM fungal communities on local forest ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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本地和外来松树幼苗早期建立期间外生菌根真菌群落组成的变化

摘要 异国情调的松树经常被引入世界各地的新地方。与本地松树的相互作用相比，外来松树在早期建立期间如何与当地微生物群落相互作用，例如共生外生菌根 (ECM) 真菌，仍有待详细研究。在这项研究中，本地马尾松 (Pinus massoniana) 和外来的马尾松 (Pinus elliottii) 幼苗在田间收集的土壤核心中生长。种植后 3 个月和 6 个月收集 ECM 根尖，并使用高通量测序鉴定真菌。我们发现宿主身份是 3 个月后决定 ECM 真菌群落组装的关键因素：本地松树与根茎相关，而外来松树主要与 ECM 通才相关。然而，经过 6 个月的增长，本地和外来松树中的 ECM 真菌群落均以根茎属物种为主。我们还发现，本地和外来松树共享的几种先驱 ECM 真菌的宿主选择可能有助于外来松树的建立。这些发现表明，在早期建立期间，应更多地关注外来树木对 ECM 真菌群落的改组，进而关注 ECM 真菌群落的潜在变化对当地森林生态系统的影响。