The authors present the results of experimental investigations of strength and plasticity characteristics, as well as fracture nature, of the specimens of different steels under tension after ion nitriding in hydrogen (nitrogen with hydrogen) and hydrogen-free (nitrogen with argon) environments. The obtained characteristics are compared with those before nitriding. It is established that during ion nitriding in the hydrogen-free environment, tensile strength of the specimens has increased by 4–11%, whereas relative elongation and contraction have decreased by 1.1–3 times based on the nitriding mode and steel type. The authors have built the tensile stress-strain diagram for the specimens made of steel St3, 40Kh, and 12Kh18N10T without chemical and thermal treatment, ion nitriding in the hydrogen and hydrogen-free environments. The influence of hydrogen concentration in the saturation environment on the strength and plasticity characteristics has been defined. Under concentrations higher than 10 vol.% there is embrittlement with the decrease of strength characteristics (to 15%) and a significant decrease of plasticity (to 40%) for low-alloyed steels. For high-alloyed steels, the negative influence of hydrogen on the strength characteristics does not increase by 3%, while the influence on the plasticity characteristics – by 8%. The authors have investigated the initiation and propagation of microcracks under external loading on the steel with nitride layers.

中文翻译：

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氢和无氢环境中氢对离子渗氮后钢强度和塑性的影响

作者介绍了在氢（氮与氢）和无氢（氮与氩）环境中离子渗氮后，不同钢的试样在张力下的强度和塑性特性以及断裂性质的实验研究结果。将获得的特性与氮化前的特性进行比较。可以确定，在无氢环境中进行离子渗氮时，基于渗氮模式和钢种，试样的拉伸强度提高了4-11％，而相对伸长率和收缩率却降低了1.1-3倍。作者建立了由St3、40Kh和12Kh18N10T钢制成的试样的拉伸应力-应变图，该试样未经化学和热处理，在无氢和无氢的环境中离子渗氮。定义了饱和环境中氢浓度对强度和可塑性特性的影响。在浓度高于10％（体积）时，低合金钢会发生脆化，强度特性降低（降至15％），塑性显着降低（降至40％）。对于高合金钢，氢对强度特性的负面影响不会增加3％，而对可塑性特性的负面影响则会增加8％。作者研究了在外部载荷下具有氮化物层的钢上微裂纹的萌生和扩展。％的脆性随着强度特性的降低（降低到15％）和塑性的显着降低（降低到40％）而降低。对于高合金钢，氢对强度特性的负面影响不会增加3％，而对可塑性特性的负面影响则会增加8％。作者研究了在外部载荷下具有氮化物层的钢上微裂纹的萌生和扩展。低合金钢的脆性随着强度特性的降低（降低到15％）和可塑性显着降低（降低到40％）而变脆。对于高合金钢，氢对强度特性的负面影响不会增加3％，而对可塑性特性的负面影响则会增加8％。作者研究了在外部载荷下具有氮化物层的钢上微裂纹的萌生和扩展。