The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its associated disease COVID-19 have triggered significant threats to public health, in addition to political and social changes. An important number of studies have reported the onset of symptoms compatible with pneumonia accompanied by coagulopathy and lymphocytopenia during COVID-19. Increased cytokine levels, the emergence of acute phase reactants, platelet activation and immune checkpoint expression are some of the biomarkers postulated in this context. As previously observed in prolonged sepsis, T-cell exhaustion due to SARS-CoV-2 and even their reduction in numbers due to apoptosis hinder the response to the infection. In this review, we synthesized the immune changes observed during COVID-19, the role of immune molecules as severity markers for patient stratification and their associated therapeutic options.

中文翻译：

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免疫反应和COVID-19：败血症的镜像。

SARS-CoV-2病毒及其相关疾病COVID-19的出现，除了政治和社会变化之外，还对公共卫生造成了重大威胁。大量研究报告了在COVID-19期间出现与肺炎相容的症状，并伴有凝血病和淋巴细胞减少。细胞因子水平升高，急性期反应物的出现，血小板活化和免疫检查点表达是在这种情况下假定的一些生物标志物。如先前在长时间脓毒症中所观察到的，由于SARS-CoV-2引起的T细胞衰竭，甚至由于凋亡引起的T细胞衰竭也阻碍了对感染的反应。在这篇综述中，我们合成了在COVID-19期间观察到的免疫变化，