Collective action research tends to focus on motivations of the disadvantaged group, rather than on which tactics are effective at driving the advantaged group to make concessions to the disadvantaged. We focused on the potential of nonnormative nonviolent action as a tactic to generate support for concessions among advantaged group members who are resistant to social change. We propose that this tactic, relative to normative nonviolent and to violent action, is particularly effective because it reflects constructive disruption: a delicate balance between disruption (which can put pressure on the advantaged group to respond) and perceived constructive intentions (which can help ensure that the response to action is a conciliatory one). We test these hypotheses across 4 contexts (total N = 3650). Studies 1-3 demonstrate that nonnormative nonviolent action (compared with inaction, normative nonviolent action, and violent action) is uniquely effective at increasing support for concessions to the disadvantaged among resistant advantaged group members (compared with advantaged group members more open to social change). Study 3 shows that constructive disruption mediates this effect. Study 4 shows that perceiving a real-world ongoing protest as constructively disruptive predicts support for the disadvantaged, whereas Study 5 examines these processes longitudinally over 2 months in the context of an ongoing social movement. Taken together, we show that nonnormative nonviolent action can be an effective tactic for generating support for concessions to the disadvantaged among those who are most resistant because it generates constructive disruption. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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建设性地破坏系统：测试非规范非暴力集体行动的有效性。

集体行动研究倾向于关注弱势群体的动机，而不是哪些策略能够有效地促使优势群体向弱势群体做出让步。我们关注非规范性非暴力行动的潜力，将其作为一种策略，在抵制社会变革的优势群体成员之间产生对让步的支持。我们建议，相对于规范的非暴力和暴力行动，这种策略特别有效，因为它反映了建设性的破坏：破坏（可以对优势群体施加压力做出回应）和感知的建设性意图（有助于确保对行动的反应是一种和解的反应）。我们在 4 个上下文中测试这些假设（总共 N = 3650）。研究 1-3 表明，非规范的非暴力行动（与不作为、规范的非暴力行动和暴力行动相比）在增加抵抗优势群体成员对弱势群体让步的支持方面具有独特的效果（相比优势群体成员对社会变革更开放） . 研究 3 表明，建设性破坏调解了这种影响。研究 4 表明，将现实世界中正在进行的抗议视为具有建设性的破坏性，可以预测对弱势群体的支持，而研究 5 在正在进行的社会运动的背景下纵向研究了超过 2 个月的这些过程。综合起来，我们表明，非规范的非暴力行动可以成为一种有效的策略，可以在最抵制的人中为弱势群体做出让步，因为它会产生建设性的破坏。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。