As an emerging material for environmental remediation, MoS₂ with various dimensional nanostructures has attracted much attention. Herein, a novel C@MoS₂/montmorillonite composite material (C@MoS₂/MMT) with 3D hierarchical superstructures was successfully prepared via the facile one-step solvothermal growth of MoS₂ nanosheets with the assistance of glucose on the surface of montmorillonite (MMT). The structural analysis indicated the formation of a 3D C@MoS₂/MMT composite with C and defect-abundant MoS₂ embedded on the MMT surface with the presence of amidogen and hydroxyl groups. Consequently, the C@MoS₂/MMT composite was subjected for the removal of Pb(II) in aquatic systems and attained a maximum adsorption capacity of 187.0 mg g⁻¹ at 298 K. Additionally, the composite was found to have very high selectivity to Pb(II); it can effectively adsorb approximately 95% of Pb(II) ions in the presence of various competing ions (Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Cr(VI)). Furthermore, the structural and morphological characteristics and possible removal mechanisms were intensively explicated in this work. The mechanism study indicated that the enhanced Pb(II) removal was due to electrostatic interactions, surface diffusion and the formation of PbMoO₄ on the surface of C@MoS₂/MMT. Therefore, this work provides a strategy for efficient environmental remediation to design hybrid nanosheets with diverse heterogeneous 3D structures using earth-abundant transition metal dichalcogenide materials and natural clay minerals.

中文翻译：

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在蒙脱石上开发的具有增强的Pb（II）去除性能的3D分层，富含缺陷的C @ MoS2纳米片阵列

作为用于环境修复的新兴材料，具有各种尺寸的纳米结构的MoS ₂引起了广泛的关注。本文中，借助葡萄糖在蒙脱石表面上方便地一步一步溶剂热生长MoS ₂纳米片，成功地制备了具有3D分层超结构的新型C @ MoS ₂ /蒙脱土复合材料（C @ MoS ₂ / MMT）（ MMT）。结构分析表明形成了3D C @ MoS ₂ / MMT复合材料，其中C和嵌入缺陷金属的MoS ₂嵌入MMT表面，并带有酰胺基和羟基。因此，C @ MoS ₂/ MMT复合材料用于水生系统中的Pb（II）去除，在298 K下的最大吸附容量为187.0 mg g ^-1。另外，发现该复合材料对Pb（II）的选择性非常高。在各种竞争性离子（Cu（II），Zn（II），Cd（II）和Cr（VI））存在下，它可以有效吸附约95％的Pb（II）离子。此外，这项工作集中阐述了结构和形态特征以及可能的去除机理。机理研究表明增强的Pb（II）的去除是由于静电相互作用，表面扩散以及C @ MoS ₂ / MMT表面上PbMoO ₄的形成。因此，这项工作提供了一种有效的环境修复策略，可使用富含地球的过渡金属二卤化碳二硫化物材料和天然粘土矿物设计具有多种异质3D结构的混合纳米片。