To investigate the effect that restoration has on the microbiome of wetland soils, we used 16S amplicon sequencing to characterize the soil prokaryotic communities of retired cranberry farms that were restored to approximate the peat wetlands they once were. For comparison, we also surveyed the soil communities of active cranberry farms, retired cranberry farms, and natural peat wetlands that were never farmed. Our results show that the prokaryotic communities of active cranberry farms are distinct from those of natural peat wetlands. Moreover, four years after restoration, the prokaryotic community structure of restored cranberry farms had shifted, resulting in a community more similar to natural peat wetlands than to active farms. Meanwhile, the prokaryotic communities of cranberry retired farms remained similar to those of active farms. The observed differences in community structure across site types corresponded with significant differences in inferred capacity for denitrification, methanotrophy, and methanogenesis, and community composition was also correlated with previously published patterns of denitrification and carbon sequestration measured from the same soil samples. Taken together, these results suggest that ecological restoration efforts have the potential to restore ecosystem functions of soils and that they do so by ‘rewilding’ the communities of resident soil microbes.

中文翻译：

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令人迷惑的小东西：生态恢复对泥炭地土壤原核生物群落的影响。

为了研究恢复对湿地土壤微生物组的影响，我们使用了16S扩增子测序来表征已退役的蔓越莓农场的土壤原核生物群落，恢复后的土壤近似于曾经的泥炭湿地。为了进行比较，我们还调查了活跃的蔓越莓农场，退役的蔓越莓农场和从未耕种的天然泥炭湿地的土壤群落。我们的结果表明，活跃的蔓越莓农场的原核生物群落不同于天然泥炭湿地。此外，在恢复四年后，恢复的蔓越莓农场的原核生物群落结构发生了变化，导致该群落与天然泥炭湿地更像，而不是活跃的农场。同时，酸果蔓退休农场的原核生物群落仍与活跃农场相似。观察到的跨站点类型的群落结构差异与推断的反硝化，甲烷氧化和甲烷生成能力存在显着差异，并且群落组成还与先前公布的从相同土壤样品测得的反硝化和碳固存模式相关。综上所述，这些结果表明，生态修复工作具有恢复土壤生态系统功能的潜力，并且可以通过“使”土壤微生物群落“恢复原状”来恢复。群落组成也与先前公布的从相同土壤样品中测得的反硝化和碳固存模式相关。综上所述，这些结果表明，生态修复工作具有恢复土壤生态系统功能的潜力，并且可以通过“使”土壤微生物群落“恢复原状”来恢复。群落组成也与先前公布的从相同土壤样品中测得的反硝化和碳固存模式相关。综上所述，这些结果表明，生态修复工作具有恢复土壤生态系统功能的潜力，并且可以通过“使”土壤微生物群落“恢复原状”来恢复。